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(supply with coal)

Толкование Перевод

1 coal

coal [kəʊl]

1 noun

(a) (gen) charbon m;

∎ a piece or lump of coal un morceau de charbon;

∎ figurative he was treading on hot coals il était sur des charbons ardents;

∎ figurative to carry coals to Newcastle porter de l'eau à la rivière

(b) Industry (ore) houille f;

∎ soft coal houille f grasse

2 compound-forming noun

(chute) à charbon; (depot, fire) de charbon

3 transitive verb

(supply with coal) fournir ou ravitailler en charbon; Nautical charbonner

4 intransitive verb

Nautical charbonner

►► coal basin bassin m houiller;

coal black noir m;

British coal bunker coffre m à charbon; Nautical soute f à charbon;

coal cellar cave f à charbon;

coal gas gaz m de houille;

coal industry industrie f houillère;

coal merchant charbonnier(ère) m,f, marchand(e) m,f de charbon;

American coal oil kérosène m, pétrole m (lampant);

coal scuttle seau m à charbon;

coal seam couche f houillère, gisement m houiller;

coal tar coaltar m, goudron m de houille;

coal tar soap savon m au coaltar;

coal tit mésange f noire

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > coal
2 ♦ supply

♦ supply /səˈplaɪ/
n.

1 [uc] approvvigionamento; fornitura; rifornimento; ( della luce, del gas, ecc.) erogazione: Some oil-producing countries threatened to stop their supplies, alcuni paesi produttori di petrolio hanno minacciato di bloccare le forniture

2 provvista; scorta; riserva: an inexhaustible supply of coal, una riserva inesauribile di carbone; a large supply ( large supplies) of goods, un'ampia provvista di merci; a plentiful supply, abbondanti provviste; Food supplies were running short, le scorte di cibo si stavano esaurendo

3 [u] (econ.) offerta: the law of supply and demand, la legge della domanda e dell'offerta; aggregate supply, offerta aggregata; Good teachers are in short supply, c'è scarsità di bravi insegnanti

4 (spesso al pl.) (fin., polit.) stanziamento

5 (pl.) provviste; viveri

6 (pl.) (mil.) rifornimenti; viveri

7 sostituto; supplente (spec. insegnante)

8 [u] (elettr.) alimentazione

● (market.) supply chain, supply chain; catena logistica □ (econ.) supply conditions, la situazione dell'offerta □ supply contract, contratto di fornitura □ (econ.) supply curve, curva dell'offerta □ supply department, ufficio approvvigionamenti; (mil.) sussistenza □ (mil.) supply dump, deposito □ (mil.) supply line = supply route ► sotto □ (comm.) supply on hand, scorta di magazzino □ supply price, (econ.) prezzo di offerta; (market.) prezzo di fornitura □ (mil.) supply routes, linee di rifornimento □ supply-side economics, economia dell'offerta □ supply sources, fonti d'approvvigionamento □ supply station, centrale elettrica □ supply teacher, (insegnante) supplente □ (elettr.) supply voltage, tensione d'alimentazione □ to lay in a supply of, far provvista di; approvvigionarsi di □ (bur.: d'impiegato e sim.) to be on supply, supplire □ (econ.) Raw materials are in short supply, le materie prime scarseggiano.
♦ (to) supply /səˈplaɪ/
A v. t.

1 approvvigionare; fornire; provvedere; rifornire: We can supply you with the goods you require, possiamo fornirvi la merce che vi occorre; to supply all the materials needed, provvedere tutto il materiale necessario

2 provvedere a; soddisfare; compensare: to supply a need, soddisfare un bisogno; to supply a loss, compensare una perdita

3 completare; colmare; occupare: to supply a deficiency, colmare una deficienza; to supply a vacancy, occupare un posto vacante

4 erogare: to supply gas, erogare il gas

B v. i.

fare da sostituto

● (comm.) to supply an order, evadere un ordinativo □ to supply sb. with funds, rifornire q. di fondi; finanziare q. □ to be well supplied with food, essere ben provvisto di viveri.

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ supply
3 supply

1. verb
(to give or provide: Who is supplying the rebels with guns and ammunition?; Extra paper will be supplied by the teacher if it is needed; The town is supplied with water from a reservoir in the hills; The shop was unable to supply what she wanted.) proporcionar, abastecer

2. noun
1) (the act or process of supplying.) suministro, provisión, abastecimiento

2) ((often in plural) an amount or quantity that is supplied; a stock or store: She left a supply of food for her husband when she went away for a few days; Who will be responsible for the expedition's supplies?; Fresh supplies will be arriving soon.) provisión; existencias

•

- be in short supply

supply¹ n

1. provisión / suministro

the electricity supply el suministro de electricidad

2. reserva

I have my own supply of chocolate tengo mi propia reserva de chocolate

supply and demand la oferta y la demanda

El plural de supply se escribe supplies

supply² vb suministrar / proveer

the company supplies gas to the whole region la empresa suministra gas a toda la región

El pasado y participio pasado de supply se escribe supplied; el gerundio se escribe supplying

supply

tr[sə'plaɪ]

noun (pl supplies)

1 (provision) suministro

■ the electricity/water supply el suministro de electricidad/agua

2 SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL (provision - to markets, areas, etc) abastecimiento; (- to individuals, houses, shops, etc) suministro

3 (amount availabe) reserva

■ the world's food supply la reserva alimentaria del mundo

■ I've got my own supply of biscuits tengo mi propia reserva de galletas

transitive verb (pt & pp supplied, ger supplying)

1 (goods, materials) suministrar

■ this company supplies gas to its customers esta empresa suministra gas a los clientes

■ who supplies arms to the Serbian forces? ¿quién suministra armas a las fuerzas serbias?

2 (a person, company, city, etc) abastecer ( with, de), proveer ( with, de)

■ they supply the whole town with fruit abastecen de fruta a toda la ciudad

■ this reservoir supplies the whole area with water este pantano abastece de agua a toda la región

■ the company supplies all employees with a uniform la empresa provee a todos los empleados de un uniforme

3 (give - information, proof, facts) facilitar, proporcionar

4 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL (with provisions) aprovisionar

5 formal use (need, requirement) satisfacer

plural noun supplies

1 (food) provisiones nombre femenino plural, víveres nombre masculino plural; (stock) existencias nombre femenino plural, stock nombre masculino

■ office supplies material de oficina

1 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL pertrechos nombre masculino plural

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be in short supply escasear

supply and demand la oferta y la demanda

supply teacher profesor,-ra suplente

supply [sə'plaɪ] vt, - plied ; - plying : suministrar, proveer de, proporcionar

supply n, pl - plies

1) provision: provisión f, suministro m

supply and demand: la oferta y la demanda

2) stock: reserva f, existencias fpl (de un negocio)

3) supplies npl

provisions: provisiones fpl, víveres mpl, despensa f

supply

adv.

• suministro adv.

n.

• abastecimiento s.m.

• abasto s.m.

• alimentación s.f.

• aprovisionamiento s.m.

• dotación s.f.

• expediente s.m.

• pertrechos s.m.pl.

• proveimiento s.m.

• provisión s.f.

• repuesto s.m.

• suministro s.m.

• surtido s.m.

• víveres s.m.pl.

v.

• abastar v.

• abastecer v.

• aprovisionar v.

• aviar v.

• bastimentar v.

• dar v.

(§pres: doy, das...) subj: dé-

pret: di-•)

• pertrechar v.

• proporcionar v.

• proveer v.

• subvenir v.

(§pres: -vengo, -vienes...-venimos) pret: -vin-

fut: -vendr-•)

• suministrar v.

• suplir v.

• surtir v.

I sə'plaɪ
noun (pl - plies)

1) u ( provision) suministro m

the law of supply and demand — la ley de la oferta y la demanda

the water/electricity supply — el suministro de agua/electricidad; (before n) <route, ship> de abastecimiento

2) (stock, store)

food supplies are running low — se están agotando las provisiones or los víveres or ( Mil) los pertrechos

we need fresh supplies of paper — tenemos que pedir una nueva remesa de papel

we only have a month's supply of coal left — sólo nos queda carbón para un mes; ( Busn) las existencias de carbón sólo van a durar un mes

office supplies — material m or artículos mpl de oficina

she has an endless supply of patience/jokes — tiene una paciencia inagotable/un repertorio interminable de chistes

to be in short supply — escasear

II

transitive verb -plies, -plying, -plied

1)

a) (provide, furnish) \<\<electricity/gas\>\> suministrar; \<\<goods\>\> suministrar, abastecer* or proveer* de; \<\<evidence/information\>\> proporcionar, facilitar

b) \<\<retailer/manufacturer\>\> abastecer*

to supply somebody WITH something — \<\<with equipment\>\> proveer* a alguien de algo; ( Busn) abastecer* a alguien de algo, suministrarle algo a alguien; \<\<with information\>\> facilitarle or proporcionarle algo a alguien

2) ( meet) (frml) \<\<demand/need\>\> satisfacer*; \<\<deficiency\>\> suplir

[sǝ'plaɪ]
1. N

1) (=stock, amount) [of oil, coal, water] reservas fpl, existencias fpl ; [of goods, merchandise] existencias fpl

America has a 300-year supply of coal — América tiene reservas or existencias de carbón para 300 años

oil supplies are running low — las reservas de petróleo se están agotando

he must have used up his supply of drugs by now — ahora ya debe haber agotado todas sus reservas or existencias de medicamentos

he had only a small supply of gin left — solo le quedaba una pequeña cantidad de ginebra

a three-month supply of drugs — medicinas suficientes para tres meses

• an adequate supply of food — suficientes víveres or provisiones

• we need a fresh supply of coffee — nos hace falta proveernos de café

• they seem to have an inexhaustible supply of ammunition — parece que tengan una reserva inagotable de municiones

• to lay in a supply of sth — proveerse de algo, hacer provisión de algo

• a limited supply of fine wines — existencias limitadas de buenos vinos

• there is a plentiful supply of fish in the river — en el río hay peces en abundancia

• to be in short supply — escasear

vegetables are in short supply — hay escasez de verduras, escasean las verduras

2) supplies (=provisions) provisiones fpl, víveres mpl ; (Mil) pertrechos mpl

supplies are still being flown into the capital — aún se están llevando provisiones or víveres a la capital por aire

• emergency supplies — provisiones fpl de emergencia

• food supplies — víveres mpl, provisiones fpl

• medical supplies — suministros mpl médicos

• office supplies — materiales mpl or artículos mpl de oficina

3) (=provision) suministro m

the supply of fuel to the engine — el suministro de combustible al motor

electricity/gas supply — suministro de electricidad/gas

blood supply — (Physiol) riego m sanguíneo

4) (Econ) oferta f

supply and demand — la oferta y la demanda

5) (Parl) provisión f financiera

to vote supplies — votar créditos

2. VT

1) (=provide)

a) [+ merchandise, goods, materials, food] suministrar, proporcionar; [+ information] facilitar, proporcionar

Japan will supply the materials — Japón suministrará or proporcionará los materiales

he accused the company of supplying arms to terrorists — acusó a la empresa de suministrar or proporcionar armas a grupos terroristas

supply the missing word and win a prize — adivine la palabra que falta y gane un premio

she supplied the vital clue — ella nos dio la pista esencial

I supplied the feminine intuition — yo aportaba la intuición femenina

the arteries that supply blood to the heart — las arterias que llevan la sangre al corazón, las arterias que irrigan el corazón

b)

to supply sb with — [+ merchandise, equipment] suministrar algo a algn, proporcionar algo a algn; [+ services] proveer a algn de algo; [+ information] facilitar algo a algn

they kept us supplied with milk/vegetables — nos fueron abasteciendo de leche/verduras

2) frm (=satisfy) [+ need] satisfacer; [+ want] suplir

3.

CPD

supply chain N — (Comm) cadena f de abastecimiento

supply dump N — (Mil) intendencia f

supply line N — línea f de abastecimiento

supply route N — ruta f de abastecimiento

supply ship N — buque m de abastecimiento

supply teacher N — (Brit) profesor(a) m / f suplente, profesor(a) m / f sustituto(-a)

supply teaching N — (Brit) suplencias fpl

supply truck N — camión m de abastecimiento

* * *

I [sə'plaɪ]
noun (pl - plies)

1) u ( provision) suministro m

the law of supply and demand — la ley de la oferta y la demanda

the water/electricity supply — el suministro de agua/electricidad; (before n) <route, ship> de abastecimiento

2) (stock, store)

food supplies are running low — se están agotando las provisiones or los víveres or ( Mil) los pertrechos

we need fresh supplies of paper — tenemos que pedir una nueva remesa de papel

we only have a month's supply of coal left — sólo nos queda carbón para un mes; ( Busn) las existencias de carbón sólo van a durar un mes

office supplies — material m or artículos mpl de oficina

she has an endless supply of patience/jokes — tiene una paciencia inagotable/un repertorio interminable de chistes

to be in short supply — escasear

II

transitive verb -plies, -plying, -plied

1)

a) (provide, furnish) \<\<electricity/gas\>\> suministrar; \<\<goods\>\> suministrar, abastecer* or proveer* de; \<\<evidence/information\>\> proporcionar, facilitar

b) \<\<retailer/manufacturer\>\> abastecer*

to supply somebody WITH something — \<\<with equipment\>\> proveer* a alguien de algo; ( Busn) abastecer* a alguien de algo, suministrarle algo a alguien; \<\<with information\>\> facilitarle or proporcionarle algo a alguien

2) ( meet) (frml) \<\<demand/need\>\> satisfacer*; \<\<deficiency\>\> suplir

English-spanish dictionary > supply
4 supply

1.
[sə'plaɪ]transitive verb

1) liefern [Waren usw.]; sorgen für [Unterkunft]; zur Verfügung stellen [Lehrmittel, Arbeitskleidung usw.]; beliefern [Kunden, Geschäft]; versorgen [System]

supply something to somebody, supply somebody with something — jemanden mit etwas versorgen/(Commerc.) beliefern

2) (make good) erfüllen [Nachfrage, Bedarf]; abhelfen (+ Dat.) [Mangel]
2. noun
1) (stock) Vorräte Pl.

a large supply of food — große Lebensmittelvorräte

military/medical supplies — militärischer/medizinischer Nachschub

supply and demand — (Econ.) Angebot und Nachfrage

2) (provision) Versorgung, die (of mit)

their gas supply was cut off — ihnen ist das Gas abgestellt worden

the blood supply to the brain — die Versorgung des Gehirns mit Blut

3)

supply [teacher] — Aushilslehrer, der/-lehrerin die
3. attrib.
Versorgungs[schiff, -netz, -basis, -lager usw.]

supply lines — Nachschubwege

* * *
1. verb
(to give or provide: Who is supplying the rebels with guns and ammunition?; Extra paper will be supplied by the teacher if it is needed; The town is supplied with water from a reservoir in the hills; The shop was unable to supply what she wanted.) (be)liefern
2. noun
1) (the act or process of supplying.) die Lieferung

2) ((often in plural) an amount or quantity that is supplied; a stock or store: She left a supply of food for her husband when she went away for a few days; Who will be responsible for the expedition's supplies?; Fresh supplies will be arriving soon.) der Vorrat

•

- academic.ru/115302/be_in_short_supply">be in short supply

* * *

sup·ply¹

[səˈplaɪ]

I. vt

<- ie->

1. (provide sth)

▪ to \supply sth für etw akk sorgen, etw bereitstellen

to \supply an answer to a question eine Antwort auf eine Frage geben

to \supply information about sth Informationen über etw akk geben

to come supplied with sth car, radio mit etw dat ausgestattet [o ausgerüstet] sein

▪ to \supply sth to sb arms, drugs jdm etw beschaffen

to be accused of \supplying drugs des Drogenhandels beschuldigt werden, wegen Drogenhandel[s] angeklagt sein

2. (provide sb with sth)

▪ to \supply sb jdn versorgen, jdm etw geben; ECON jdn mit etw dat beliefern

▪ to be supplied with sth etw erhalten

to \supply sb with food jdn mit Nahrung versorgen

3. (act as source) liefern

this cereal supplies plenty of vitamins dieses Getreide ist ein großer Vitaminspender

4. (satisfy)

to \supply a demand eine Nachfrage befriedigen

to \supply a requirement einer Forderung nachkommen

II. n

1. (stock) Vorrat m (of an + dat)

a month's \supply of tablets eine Monatspackung Tabletten

water \supply Wasservorrat m

2. no pl (action) Versorgung f, Bereitstellung f

electricity [or power] /water \supply Strom-/Wasserversorgung f

oil/petrol \supply Öl-/Benzinzufuhr f; (action of providing) Belieferung f

source of \supply Bezugsquelle f

3. ECON Angebot nt

\supply and demand Angebot und Nachfrage

to be in plentiful \supply im Überfluss [o reichlich] vorhanden sein

to be in short \supply Mangelware sein

4.

▪ supplies pl (provision) Versorgung f kein pl, [Zu]lieferung f; MIL Nachschub m; (amount needed) Bedarf m

food supplies Versorgung f mit Lebensmitteln, Lebensmittellieferungen pl

to be urgently in need of medical supplies dringend medizinischer Versorgung bedürfen

to cut off supplies die Lieferungen einstellen

to cut off gas/water supplies das Gas/Wasser abstellen

office supplies Bürobedarf m

5. (amount available)

▪ supplies pl Vorräte pl, Bestände pl

food supplies Lebensmittelvorräte pl; (for camping, journey) Proviant m

6. BRIT POL

▪ supplies pl Budget nt, bewilligter Etat

7. BRIT, AUS (teacher) Vertretungslehrer(in) m(f), Aushilfslehrer(in) m(f)

to be on \supply vertretungsweise unterrichten

sup·ply²

[ˈsʌpl̩i]

adv see supplely

* * *
[sə'plaɪ]
1. n

1) (= supplying) Versorgung f; (COMM = delivery) Lieferung f (to an +acc); (ECON) Angebot nt

electricity supply — Stromversorgung f

the supply of blood to the brain — die Versorgung des Gehirns mit Blut

supply and demand — Angebot und Nachfrage (+pl vb)

2) (= what is supplied) Lieferung f

to cut off the supply (of gas, water etc) — das Gas/Wasser abstellen

our wholesaler has cut off our supply — unser Großhändler hat die Lieferungen eingestellt

where does the badger get its food supply? — woher bekommt der Dachs seine Nahrung?

3) (= stock) Vorrat m

a good supply of coal — ein guter Kohlenvorrat

to get or lay in supplies or a supply of sth — sich (dat) einen Vorrat an etw (dat) anlegen or zulegen

a month's supply — ein Monatsbedarf m

to be in short supply — knapp sein

to be in good supply —

our supplies are running out fresh supplies (Mil) — unser Vorrat geht or unsere Vorräte gehen zu Ende Nachschub m

office supplies — Bürobedarf m, Büromaterial nt

medical supplies — Arzneimittel pl; (including bandages) Ärztebedarf

electrical supplies — Elektrowaren or -artikel pl

4) (= supply teacher) Aushilfslehrer(in) m(f)

to be on supply — aushilfsweise or vertretungsweise unterrichten

5) (PARL) (Militär- und Verwaltungs)etat m

2. vt

1) material, food, tools etc sorgen für; (= deliver) goods, information, answer, details liefern; clue, evidence, gas, electricity liefern; (= put at sb's disposal) stellen

pens and paper are supplied by the firm — Schreibmaterial wird von der Firma gestellt

2) (with mit) person, army, city versorgen; (COMM) beliefern

she supplies the humour in the office — sie sorgt für ( den) Humor im Büro

this supplied me with the chance... — das gab mir die Chance...

we were not supplied with a radio — wir hatten kein Radio

3) (= satisfy, make good) need befriedigen; want, deficiency abhelfen (+dat); (COMM) demand decken

* * *

supply [səˈplaı]

A v/t

1. a) allg Beweise, Elektrizität etc liefern

b) die nötige Ausrüstung etc beschaffen, bereitstellen, sorgen für

2. jemanden oder etwas beliefern, versorgen, ausstatten, versehen, ELEK, TECH speisen ( alle:

with mit):

supply sb with sth, supply sth to s.o

3. fehlende Wörter etc ergänzen

4. einen Verlust etc ausgleichen, ersetzen:

supply a deficit ein Defizit decken

5. ein Bedürfnis befriedigen:

supply a want einem Mangel abhelfen;

supply the demand WIRTSCH die Nachfrage decken

6. eine Stelle ausfüllen, einnehmen, ein Amt vorübergehend versehen:

supply sb’s place jemanden vertreten

7. WIRTSCH nachschießen, -zahlen

B s

1. Lieferung f (to an akk), Zufuhr f, Beschaffung f, Bereitstellung f

2. Belieferung f, Versorgung f ( beide:

with mit), Bedarfsdeckung f

3. ELEK (Netz)Anschluss m

4. Ergänzung f, Zuschuss m, Beitrag m

5. WIRTSCH Angebot n:

supply and demand Angebot und Nachfrage;

be in short supply knapp sein

6. meist pl Vorrat m, Lager n, Bestand m

7. meist pl MIL Nachschub m, Versorgung(smaterial) f(n), Proviant m

8. pl WIRTSCH Artikel pl, Bedarf m

9. a) Stellvertreter(in), Ersatz m

b) Stellvertretung f:

on supply in Vertretung

10. meist pl PARL bewilligter Etat

C adj

1. Versorgungs…, Liefer…, Lieferungs…:

supply crisis WIRTSCH Versorgungskrise f;

supply plant Lieferwerk n;

supply price WIRTSCH äußerster oder niedrigster Preis;

supply-side economics pl (als sg konstruiert) angebotsorientierte Wirtschaftspolitik

2. MIL

a) Versorgungs…:

supply area ( ship, etc)

b) Nachschub…:

supply base Versorgungs-, Nachschubbasis f;

supply lines Nachschubverbindungen

3. ELEK, TECH Speise…:

supply circuit (current, line, relay);

supply pipe Zuleitung(srohr) f(n);

supply station Br Kraftwerk n;

supply voltage Netz-, Speisespannung f

4. Aushilfs…:

supply teacher

sup. abk

1. superior

2. superlative Superl.

3. supplement

4. supplementary zusätzl.

5. supply

6. supra, above

* * *
1.
[sə'plaɪ]transitive verb

1) liefern [Waren usw.]; sorgen für [Unterkunft]; zur Verfügung stellen [Lehrmittel, Arbeitskleidung usw.]; beliefern [Kunden, Geschäft]; versorgen [System]

supply something to somebody, supply somebody with something — jemanden mit etwas versorgen/(Commerc.) beliefern

2) (make good) erfüllen [Nachfrage, Bedarf]; abhelfen (+ Dat.) [Mangel]
2. noun
1) (stock) Vorräte Pl.

a large supply of food — große Lebensmittelvorräte

military/medical supplies — militärischer/medizinischer Nachschub

supply and demand — (Econ.) Angebot und Nachfrage

2) (provision) Versorgung, die (of mit)

their gas supply was cut off — ihnen ist das Gas abgestellt worden

the blood supply to the brain — die Versorgung des Gehirns mit Blut

3)

supply [teacher] — Aushilslehrer, der/-lehrerin die
3. attrib.
Versorgungs[schiff, -netz, -basis, -lager usw.]

supply lines — Nachschubwege

* * *

adv.

liefern adv. n.

Angebot -e n.

Belieferung f.

Lieferung f.

Speisung -en (Elektr.) f.

Stellvertretung f.

Versorgung f.

Vorrat -¨e m. (with) v.

liefern v.

versorgen (mit) v. v.

beschaffen v.

eingeben v.

speisen v.

versorgen v.

English-german dictionary > supply
5 supply

Ⅰ.

supply¹ [sə'plaɪ] (pt & pp supplied, pl supplies)

1 transitive verb

(a) (provide → goods, services) fournir;

∎ to supply sth to sb fournir qch à qn;

∎ to supply electricity/water to a town alimenter une ville en électricité/eau;

∎ they supply all the local retailers ils fournissent tous les détaillants du coin;

∎ cows supply milk les vachent donnent du lait

(b) (provide sth to → person, institution, city) fournir, approvisionner; Military ravitailler, approvisionner;

∎ to supply sb with sth fournir qch à qn, approvisionner qn en qch;

∎ they supply all the local retailers ils fournissent ou approvisionnent tous les détaillants du coin;

∎ the farm keeps us supplied with eggs and milk grâce à la ferme nous avons toujours des œufs et du lait;

∎ I supplied him with the details/the information je lui ai fourni les détails/les informations;

∎ the arteries that supply the brain les artères qui amènent le sang au cerveau

(c) (equip) munir;

∎ all toys are supplied with batteries des piles sont fournies avec tous les jouets

(d) (make good → deficiency) suppléer à; (→ omission) réparer, compenser; (satisfy → need) répondre à

2 noun

(a) (stock) provision f, réserve f;

∎ the nation's supply of oil les réserves fpl nationales de pétrole;

∎ we're getting in or laying in a supply of coal nous faisons des provisions de charbon, nous nous approvisionnons en charbon;

∎ to get in a fresh supply of sth renouveler sa provision de ou se réapprovisionner en qch;

∎ water is in short supply in the southeast on manque d'eau dans le Sud-Est

(b) (provision → of goods, equipment) fourniture f; (→ of fuel) alimentation f; Military ravitaillement m, approvisionnement m;

∎ the domestic hot water supply l'alimentation f domestique en eau chaude;

∎ they won a contract for the supply of 10,000 computers to schools ils ont obtenu un contrat pour la fourniture de 10 000 ordinateurs à des établissements scolaires

(c) Economics offre f;

∎ supply and demand l'offre f et la demande

(d) British (clergyman, secretary, teacher) remplaçant(e) m,f, suppléant(e) m,f;

∎ to be on supply faire des remplacements ou des suppléances

(e) (usu pl) Politics (money) crédits mpl

3 compound-forming noun

(a) (convoy, train, truck, route) de ravitaillement

(b) (secretary) intérimaire; (clergyman) suppléant

4 supplies plural noun

(gen) provisions fpl; (of food) vivres mpl; Military subsistances fpl, approvisionnements mpl;

∎ our supplies are running low nos provisions seront bientôt épuisées, nous commençons à manquer de provisions;

∎ office supplies fournitures fpl de bureau

►► Commerce supply curve courbe f de l'offre;

Military supply lines lignes fpl de ravitaillement;

supply pipe (for fuel) conduite f d'arrivée du combustible;

supply price prix m d'offre;

supply ship ravitailleur m;

British supply teacher remplaçant(e) m,f;

British supply teaching remplacements mpl

Ⅱ.

supply² ['sʌplɪ]

adverb

souplement, avec souplesse

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > supply
6 supply

1. n
1) снабжение; поставка

2) запасы; сырье и материалы; ресурсы

3) эк. предложение

•

to affect supply — оказывать влияние на предложение

to allow only humanitarian supplies through — разрешать провоз только гуманитарных грузов

to be in supply — поступать в достаточном количестве

to block supplies — препятствовать поставкам

to cut down on supplies of raw materials — сокращать поставки сырья

to cut off supplies — прекращать поставки

to deliver technical supplies — осуществлять технические поставки

to disrupt food supplies — нарушать поставки продовольствия

to ferry supplies to a country — перебрасывать поставки в страну

to fly in supplies — доставлять предметы снабжения по воздуху

to halt supplies — прекращать поставки

to hamper supplies — препятствовать снабжению

to improve food supplies — улучшать снабжение продовольствием

to keep supplies away from smb — препятствовать снабжению кого-л.

to run short of supplies — истощать запасы

- adequate supply
- alternative power supplies
- ample supplies
- arms supply
- available supplies
- consignment of supplies for smb
- cutting off supplies from a country
- distribution of relief supplies
- drop in supply
- emergency food supplies
- energy supply
- excess supply
- expendable supply
- food supply
- improvement of food supplies
- in short supply
- international relief supplies
- labor supply
- lack of basic supplies and services
- level of supply
- maintenance supplies
- massive supply
- military supplies to a country
- moratorium on arms supplies
- nonlethal supplies
- office supplies
- poor supply
- relief food supplies
- scanty supply
- scientific supplies
- short supply
- source of supply
- supply and demand
- supply exceeds demand
- supply of arms is critical to the war
- supply of labor
- supply of resources
- supply outstrips demand
- supplies on hand
- technical supply
- water supply
- world coal supplies 2. v
снабжать, обеспечивать, поставлять

to supply a demand — удовлетворять спрос

to supply smb with military secrets — снабжать кого-л. секретной военной информацией

Politics english-russian dictionary > supply
7 supply

/sə'plai/ * danh từ - sự cung cấp, sự tiếp tế =ammunition supply+ sự tiếp tế đạn dược =supply and demand+ cung và cầu - nguồn dự trữ, kho cung cấp; đồ dự trữ; hàng cung cấp =an inexhaustible supply of coal+ nguồn dự trữ than vô tận - (số nhiều) quân nhu - (số nhiều) tiền trợ cấp (cho ai để sống); khoản chi phí hành chính (nghị viện) =to cut off the supplies+ cắt trợ cấp !Committee of Supply - uỷ ban ngân sách (nghị viện) !to get a fresh supply of something - sắm trữ một số (loạt, lô) cái gì mới !in short supply - khan hiếm * ngoại động từ - cung cấp, tiếp tế =to supply somebody with something+ cung cấp vật gì cho ai - đáp ứng (nhu cầu...) - thay thế; bổ khuyết, bù (tổn thất...) =to supply someone's place+ thay thế ai - đưa, dẫn (chứng cớ) * phó từ - mềm, dễ uốn - mềm mỏng - luồn cúi, quỵ luỵ

English-Vietnamese dictionary > supply
8 supply

1. III
1) supply smth., smb. supply money (proofs, news, all the coal they need, hands, men, etc.) обеспечивать деньгами и т.д., поставлять /давать/ деньги и т.д.; the office will supply all necessary information контора предоставит всю необходимую информацию

2) supply smth. supply a need (a want, a demand, etc.) удовлетворять потребность и т.д.; supply a loss (a deficiency, an absence, a lack, a gap, etc.) восполнить потерю и т.д.
2. IV
supply smth. in some manner supply smth. liberally (amply, adequately, permanently, continuously, etc.) щедро и т.д. обеспечивать чем-л.
3. V
supply smb. smth. supply the refugees clothing (them food, etc.) обеспечивать беженцев одеждой и т.д.
4. XI
be supplied in some manner be well (poorly, lavishly, etc.) supplied быть хорошо и т.д. обеспеченным; goods will be supplied promptly to order товары немедленно доставляются по заказу; be supplied with smth. be supplied with money (with clothing, with food, etc.) быть обеспеченным /снабженным/ деньгами и т.д.; be supplied with electric light (with water, etc.) иметь электроснабжение и т.д.; pipes are supplied with hot steam к трубам подводится горячий пар; be supplied by smth. rivers are supplied by smaller streams реки питаются водами потоков и речушек
5. XVIII
supply oneself with smth. supply oneself with food (with water, with money, etc.) запастись /обеспечить себя/ пищей и т.д.
6. XXI1
supply smb., smth. with smth. supply her with what is necessary (an army with provisions, troops with ammunition, Europe with vast quantities of tea, them with money, a community with electricity, etc.) снабжать /обеспечивать/ ее всем необходимым и т.д.; that store supplies us with coffee этот магазин поставляет нам кофе, мы получаем кофе из этого магазина; the cow supplies us with milk корова дает нам молоко; supply smth. to smth. supply manufactured goods to almost every country in the world (goods to the army, electricity to this region, etc.) поставлять промышленные товары почти во все страны мира и т.д.; supply smth. for smb., smth. supply food for the children (books for the schools, milk for the patients, the news for the communiques, etc.) обеспечивать детей едой и т.д.; it supplied the demand for cheap electricity это удовлетворило потребность в дешевой электроэнергии

English-Russian dictionary of verb phrases > supply
9 supply

̈ɪsəˈplaɪ I
1. сущ.
1) а) снабжение, поставка to bring up, provide supplies ≈ обеспечить снабжение, обеспечить поставки water supply ≈ водоснабжение fresh supplies ≈ новые поступления, новые поставки military supplies ≈ военные поставки power supply ≈ электроснабжение, энергоснабжение blood supply ≈ кровоснабжение, приток крови б) ресурсы, припасы, запас;
особ. воен. продовольствие, провиант;
мн. довольствие, содержание( денежное) ;
мн. утвержденные парламентом ассигнования food supplies ≈ запасы продовольствия ammunition supplies воен. ≈ боеприпасы to be in short supply ≈ быть в дефиците to lay in supplies ≈ делать запасы to replenish supplies ≈ пополнять запасы to store supplies ≈ делать запасы abundant supplies, liberal supplies, plentiful supplys ≈ богатые запасы coal supply ≈ запасы угля money supply ≈ денежные запасы в) принадлежности, товары office supplies ≈ канцелярские принадлежности( товары)
2) экон. предложение Prices change according to demand and supply. ≈ Цены меняются в зависимости от спроса и предложения.
3) тех. питание, подача, подвод, приток supply pressure электр. ≈ напряжение в сети supply ship, supply train и т. п. ≈ транспорт снабжения
4) временный заместитель
2. гл.
1) снабжать( with), поставлять;
доставлять, давать( from) to supply power to industry ≈ обеспечить производительность промышленности Each soldier is supplied with two pairs of boots. ≈ Каждому солдату выдали по две пары ботинок. We can supply the goods from our main store. ≈ Мы можем поставлять товары из нашего центрального магазина.
2) а) восполнять, возмещать (недостаток) ;
удовлетворять( нужду) б) замещать( кого-л. на его посту, должности)
3) тех. подавать, подводить( о коммуникациях) ;
питать II нареч. гибко и пр. [см. supple
1. ] Syn: equip запас - inexhaustible * неисчерпаемый запас - a good * of literature хороший запас /выбор/ литературы - a large * /large supplies/ of shoes большой запас обуви - * parts( техническое) запасные части - goods are in short * запасы товаров истощаются припасы;
продовольствие, провиант;
ресурсы (особ. для армии) - food supplies запасы продовольствия - ammunition supplies (военное) боеприпасы - labour supplies трудовые ресурсы /резервы/ - supplies of money денежные ресурсы принадлежности;
товары - medical supplies медицинские принадлежности - office supplies канцелярские принадлежности /товары/ - nursery supplies товары для самых маленьких снабжение;
поставка - water * водоснабжение - power * электроснабжение;
энергоснабжение - * of a town with food снабжение города продовольствием - to make /to sign/ a contract for the * of provisions заключить контракт о поставке продовольствия (военное) снабжение - * agency орган снабжения - * branch интендантская служба - * chute грузовой парашют - * distance расстояние пробега транспорта снабжения - * line путь подвоза - * officer начальник хозяйственного снабжения;
(американизм) начальник интендантской службы корабля - * point пункт снабжения - * support снабжение ассигнования на расходы правительства, утвержденные парламентом (в Великобритании) - S.Day день обсуждения ассигнований (в палате общин) содержание (денежное) - to cut off smb.'s supplies перестать давать кому-л. деньги на жизнь временный заместитель (учителя, священника и т. п.) - * teacher нештатный заместитель учителя временное замещение должности (учителя, священника и т. п.) - to be /to go/ on * временно замещать (экономика) предложение (тж. * side) - * and demand спрос и предложение - if demand exceeds * the price will rise если спрос превысит предложение, цены поднимутся - to be in short * быть дефицитным - beer was in short * пива не хватало, спрос на пиво не удовлетворялся - a large * of cheap labour широкое предложение дешевой рабочей силы (техническое) подача, питание, подвод;
приток (воздуха и т. п.) - * canal (гидрология) подводящий канал( with) снабжать - to * smb. with smth. снабжать кого-л. чем-л. - to * smb. with food снабжать кого-л. продуктами - to * an army with provisions снабжать армию продовольствием - everyone has been supplied with overalls всем были выданы комбинезоны;
все были обеспечены комбинезонами поставлять, доставлять, давать;
питать - to * smth. поставлять что-л. - to * proofs давать /представлять/ доказательства - to * goods поставлять товары - to * services предоставлять услуги - to * news for a newspaper снабжать газету новостями - he supplied us with the details он сообщил нам все подробности - overalls havebeen supplied to everyone всем были выданы комбинезоны восполнять, возмещать (недостаток, дефект) ;
удовлетворять (нужды, желания) - to * the needs of smb. удовлетворять чьи-л. нужды (временно) замещать (кого-л., особ. учителя) (техническое) подавать, подводить (ток и т. п.) ;
питать, снабжать additional ~ дополнительная поставка aggregate ~ суммарная поставка credit ~ поставка в кредит electricity ~ электроснабжение emergency ~ аварийный запас energy ~ энергоснабжение excess ~ избыточная поставка excess ~ избыточное предложение heat ~ теплоснабжение household water ~ бытовое водоснабжение labour ~ обеспеченность рабочей силой labour ~ предложение рабочей силы law of ~ and demand закон спроса и предложения materials ~ материальное снабжение money ~ денежная масса money ~ количество денег money ~ сумма денег в обращении municipal water ~ городское водоснабжение net ~ чистый объем поставок power ~ вчт. источник энергии power ~ электропитание power ~ электроснабжение power ~ энергоснабжение raw material ~ поставка сырья raw material ~ снабжение сырьем relief ~ запас для оказания помощи secondary money ~ вторичная денежная масса short ~ недопоставка short ~ недостаточное снабжение short ~ недостаточный запас short ~ некомплектная поставка short ~ неполная поставка supply гибко ~ ассигнования на содержание вооруженных сил и государственного аппарата ~ возмещать ~ восполнять, возмещать (недостаток) ;
удовлетворять (нужду) ~ восполнять ~ временный заместитель (напр., учителя) ~ давать ~ доставлять ~ замещать;
to supply the place( of smb.) заменять( кого-л.) ~ запас ~ питать ~ тех. подавать, подводить (напр., ток) ;
питать ~ подавать ~ тех. подача, питание, подвод, приток ~ подача ~ поставка ~ поставлять;
доставлять;
давать ~ поставлять, доставлять, давать ~ поставлять ~ поступление;
получение;
поставка ~ эк. предложение ~ предложение товара ~ pl припасы, продовольствие, провиант (особ. для армии) ~ расходная часть бюджета ~ снабжать (with) ~ снабжать ~ снабжение;
поставка ~ снабжение ~ pl содержание (денежное) ~ pl утвержденные парламентом ассигнования ~ a service обеспечивать обслуживание ~ a service оказывать услугу ~ and demand предложение и спрос ~ attr. питающий, подающий;
снабжающий;
supply canal подводящий канал ~ attr. питающий, подающий;
снабжающий;
supply canal подводящий канал Supply Day день рассмотрения проекта( государственного) бюджета в палате общин ~ goods to поставлять товары ~ of bonds предложение облигаций ~ of capital наличие капитала ~ of capital обеспеченность капиталом ~ of capital предложение капитала ~ of credit предложение кредита ~ of goods запас товара ~ of goods наличие товара ~ of goods общее количество товара ~ of goods предложение товара ~ of labour обеспеченность рабочей силой ~ of labour предложение рабочей силы ~ of land земельный фонд ~ of liquidity предложение ликвидности ~ pressure эл. напряжение в сети;
supply ship, supply train транспорт снабжения ~ pressure эл. напряжение в сети;
supply ship, supply train транспорт снабжения ~ the market снабжать рынок ~ замещать;
to supply the place (of smb.) заменять (кого-л.) ~ to поставлять ~ pressure эл. напряжение в сети;
supply ship, supply train транспорт снабжения water ~ водоснабжение

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > supply
10 supply

I [sə'plaɪ] n
1) (обыкновенно pl) запас, запасы, продукты, ресурсы, продовольствие, провиант

I'm going to town for flour and other supplies. — Я еду в город за мукой и другими продуктами.

There is a large supply of oil in the North Sea. — В Северном море большие запасы нефти.

Our supplies are running short. — Наши запасы на исходе.

- sufficient supplies
- food supplies
- emergency supplies
- office supplies
- relief supplies
- maintenance supplies
- ammunition supplies
- supplies of money
- supplies of food
- unfailing supply of firewood
- reserve supply of water
- world's supplies of coal
- source of material supplies
- through the scarcity of supplies
- be provided with supplies enough to last another month
- cut off the enemy's supplies
- furnish the supplies
- get one's supplies from abroad
- have one's own supplies of wine
- store supplies for the winter
- water supplies are running out
2) снабжение, доставка

Oil is in desperately short supply. — Нефти катастрофически не хватает.

The gas supply is of the highest importance to the city. — Газоснабжение крайне важно для города.

The demand for these goods exceeds the supply. — Спрос на эти товары превышает предложение.

- water supply
- supply service
- supply parts
- supply unit
- supply ship
- supply train
- supply branch
- supply point
- supply duties
- supply pressure
- supply officer
- supply of provisions
- demand and supply
- districts of supply
- commitee of supply
- be connected to hot water supply
- control supply
- cut off the power supply
- derive one's supply of water from the river
- stop the air supply
- stop gas supply
- stop food supply
3) количество, партия

Drinking water is in short supply. — Питьевой воды сильно не хватает.

My supply of ink gave out. — У меня кончились чернила

- considerable supply
- reserve supply
- limited supply
- large supply of vegetables
- fresh supply of cigarettes
- another supply of wine
- have a constant supply of new materials
- have a cheap supply of labour
- hold an adequate supply of police II [sə'plaɪ] v
снабжать, поставлять, доставлять

Each soldier is supplied with two pairs of boots. — Каждому солдату выдали по две пары ботинок.

We can supply the goods from our main store. — Мы можем поставлять товары из центрального магазина

- supply smb, smth with smth
- supply smb with water
- supply medical equipment
- supply resources to industry

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > supply
11 supply

I [sə'plaɪ] 1. сущ.
1) снабжение, поставка

to bring up / provide supplies — обеспечить снабжение, поставки

water supply — водоснабжение

supply ship / train — транспорт снабжения

fresh supplies — новые поступления, новые поставки

military supplies — военные поставки

power supply — электроснабжение, энергоснабжение

blood supply — кровоснабжение, приток крови

2)

а) замещение вакантной должности

б) временный заместитель

3) ( supplies)

а) ресурсы, припасы, запас; воен. продовольствие, провиант

food supplies — запасы продовольствия

ammunition supplies воен. — боеприпасы

to be in short supplies — быть в дефиците

to lay in supplies — делать запасы

to replenish supplies — пополнять запасы

to store supplies — делать запасы

abundant supplies; liberal supplies; plentiful supplies — богатые запасы

coal supplies — запасы угля

money supplies — денежные запасы

б) довольствие, содержание ( денежное)

в) утвержденные парламентом ассигнования

г) принадлежности, товары

office supplies — канцелярские принадлежности (товары)

4) эк. предложение

supply-and-demand principle — принцип спроса и предложения

Prices change according to demand and supply. — Цены меняются в зависимости от спроса и предложения.

5) тех. питание, подача, подвод, приток

supply canal — подводящий канал
2. гл.
1)

а) снабжать (чем-л.), поставлять; доставлять

Each soldier is supplied with two pairs of boots. — Каждому солдату выдаётся по две пары ботинок.

We can supply the goods from our main store. — Мы можем поставлять товары из нашего центрального магазина.

Syn:

furnish, provide, afford

б) добавлять (что-л. недостающее)

Supply words that are wanting. — Добавь недостающие слова.

2) восполнять, возмещать ( недостаток); удовлетворять (нужду, требование и т. п.)

Syn:

compensate

3)

а) заменять, замещать (кого-л. / что-л.)

The place of his casque was supplied by a large brown hood. (James) — Вместо шлема на нем был большой коричневый капюшон.

Syn:

replace

б) замещать в должности

4) тех. подавать, подводить ( о коммуникациях); питать
II ['sʌplɪ] нареч.
гибко

Англо-русский современный словарь > supply
12 stock

stok
1. noun
1) ((often in plural) a store of goods in a shop, warehouse etc: Buy while stocks last!; The tools you require are in / out of stock (= available / not available).) existencias, stock

2) (a supply of something: We bought a large stock of food for the camping trip.) reserva, provisión

3) (farm animals: He would like to purchase more (live) stock.) ganado

4) ((often in plural) money lent to the government or to a business company at a fixed interest: government stock; He has $20,000 in stocks and shares.) acciones, valores

5) (liquid obtained by boiling meat, bones etc and used for making soup etc.) caldo

6) (the handle of a whip, rifle etc.) culata

2. adjective
(common; usual: stock sizes of shoes.) corriente, normal, de serie

3. verb
1) (to keep a supply of for sale: Does this shop stock writing-paper?) tener en stock, vender

2) (to supply (a shop, farm etc) with goods, animals etc: He cannot afford to stock his farm.) abastecer

•

- stockist
- stocks
- stockbroker
- stock exchange
- stock market
- stockpile
4. verb
(to accumulate (a supply of this sort).) acumular, almacenar

- stock-still
- stock-taking
- stock up
- take stock

stock¹ n existencias

we have a large stock of wine tenemos amplias existencias de vino

in stock en existencia

we don't have that size in stock no tenemos esa talla en existencia

out of stock agotado

I'm afraid that colour is out of stock lo siento, pero ese color está agotado

stock² vb vender / tener

they don't stock that brand no venden esa marca

stock m (pl stocks) stock ' stock' also found in these entries: Spanish: abastecerse - acopiar - acopio - alhelí - bajar - balance - bolsa - bursátil - caldo - estirpe - existencia - existente - extracción - hazmerreír - inversión - participación - repostar - reserva - trabajar - abastecer - acción - aprovisionar - cepa - cuadrar - cubo - inventario - poblar - surtir - tronco English: AMEX - bundle - collapse - concise - exercise - gain - in - laughing stock - list - market - NYSE - packet - preferred stock - quote - rolling stock - stock - stock car - stock car-racing - stock exchange - stock market - stock up - stock-cube - broker - carry - clearance - deplete - float - joint - replenish - reserve - run - sell - store - supply - surplus - trading - turn - yard

stock

tr[stɒk]

noun

1 (supply) reserva

■ coal stocks reservas de carbón

■ they laid in stocks of food for the winter se abastecieron de provisiones para el invierno

2 SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL (goods) existencias nombre femenino plural, stock nombre masculino; (variety) surtido

■ we're getting our new stock in next week tendremos el nuevo stock la semana que viene

■ we're selling off the old stock estamos liquidando el stock antiguo

3 SMALLFINANCE/SMALL (company's capital) capital nombre masculino social

4 SMALLAGRICULTURE/SMALL (livestock) ganado

5 SMALLCOOKERY/SMALL (broth) caldo

6 SMALLBOTANY/SMALL (flower) alhelí nombre masculino

7 (trunk, main part of tree) tronco; (of vine) cepa

8 (plant from which cuttings are grown) planta madre; (stem onto which another plant is grafted) patrón nombre masculino

9 (descent - of person) linaje nombre masculino, estirpe nombre masculino; (- of animal) raza

10 formal use (standing, status) prestigio; (popularity) popularidad nombre femenino

11 (of gun) culata; (of tool, whip, fishing rod) mango

adjective

1 SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL (goods, size) corriente, normal, de serie, estándar

2 pejorative (excuse, argument, response) de siempre, típico,-a, de costumbre; (greeting, speech) consabido,-a; (phrase, theme) trillado,-a, gastado,-a, muy visto,-a

transitive verb

1 SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL (keep supplies of) tener en stock; (sell) vender

■ we stock all sizes tenemos todas las tallas

■ do you stock textbooks? ¿venden libros de texto?

2 (provide with a supply) abastecer de, surtir de, proveer de; (fill - larder etc) llenar ( with, de); (- lake, pond) poblar

■ the shop is well-stocked with exotic food la tienda tiene un buen surtido de comida exótica

■ we're well stocked up with tinned food tenemos más que suficientes latas de comida

■ he stocks shelves at the supermarket llena los estantes en el supermercado

■ a well-stocked larder una despensa llena

plural noun stocks

1 SMALLFINANCE/SMALL (shares) acciones nombre femenino plural, valores nombre masculino plural

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be out of stock estar agotado,-a

to have something in stock tener algo en stock, tener algo en existencias

to take stock SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL hacer el inventario

to take stock of something figurative use evaluar algo, hacer balance de algo

government stock papel de estado

stock certificate SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL título de acciones

stock company SMALLTHEATRE/SMALL compañía de repertorio 2 SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL sociedad nombre femenino anónima

stock cube pastilla de caldo

stock exchange bolsa

stock market bolsa, mercado bursátil

stock ['stɑk] vt

: surtir, abastecer, vender

stock vi

to stock up : abastecerse

stock n

1) supply: reserva f, existencias fpl (en comercio)

to be out of stock: estar agotadas las existencias

2) securities: acciones fpl, valores mpl

3) livestock: ganado m

4) ancestry: linaje m, estirpe f

5) broth: caldo m

6)

to take stock : evaluar

stock

n.

• cepa s.f.

• enseres s.m.pl.

• estirpe s.f.

• existencias s.f.pl.

• ganado s.m.

• provisión s.f.

• renta s.f.

• repuesto s.m.

• retén s.m.

• surtido s.m.

v.

• abastecer v.

• acopiar v.

• almacenar v.

• poblar v.

• proveer v.

• surtir v.

I stɑːk, stɒk
noun

1)

a) ( supply) (often pl) reserva f

we need to get some stocks in — necesitamos abastecernos or aprovisionarnos

b) u (of shop, business) existencias fpl, estoc m, stock m

to have something in stock — tener* algo en estoc or en existencias

we're out of stock of green ones — no nos quedan verdes, las verdes se han agotado or están agotadas

to take stock of something — hacer* un balance de algo, evaluar* algo

2) ( Fin)

a) u ( shares) acciones fpl, valores mpl; ( government securities) bonos mpl or papel m del Estado

I have some stock in that company — tengo algunas acciones en esa compañía

b)

stocks and bonds o (BrE) stocks and shares — acciones fpl; ( including government securities) acciones fpl y bonos mpl del Estado

3) u ( livestock) ganado m; (before n)

stock farmer — ganadero, -ra m,f

stock farming — ganadería f, cría f de ganado

4) u ( descent) linaje m, estirpe f

I'm of pioneer stock — soy descendiente de pioneros

to come of good stock — ser* de buena familia

5) c ( of gun) culata f

6) u ( Culin) caldo m

7) c (plant, flower) alhelí m

8) stocks pl ( Hist)

the stocks — el cepo

9) u (AmE Theat) (no art) repertorio m; (before n) <play, company> de repertorio

II

transitive verb

1) ( Busn) vender

2) ( fill) \<\<store\>\> surtir, abastecer*; \<\<larder\>\> llenar

to stock (up) the freezer — llenar el congelador

to stock a lake with fish — poblar* un lago de peces

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- stock up

III

adjective (before n)

a) < size> estándar adj inv; < model> de serie, estándar adj inv

b) < response> típico; < character> típico

a stock phrase — un cliché, una frase hecha

[stɒk]
1. N

1) (Comm) existencias fpl

offer valid while stocks last — oferta válida hasta que se agoten las existencias

he sold his father's entire stock of cloth — vendió todas las existencias de telas que tenía su padre

• to have sth in stock — tener algo en existencia

check that your size is in stock — compruebe que tengan su talla

• to be out of stock — estar agotado

camping-gas stoves are out of stock — se han agotado las cocinillas de gas

• to take stock — (=make inventory) hacer el inventario; (fig) evaluar la situación

to take stock of — [+ situation, prospects] evaluar; [+ person] formarse una opinión sobre

2) (=supply) reserva f

stocks of ammunition — reservas de municiones

• fish/coal stocks are low — las reservas de peces/carbón escasean

stocks of food were running low — se estaban agotando las provisiones de alimentos

• to get in or lay in a stock of sth — abastecerse de algo

• I always keep a stock of tinned food — siempre estoy bien abastecido de latas de comida
housing
3) (=selection) surtido m

• luckily he had a good stock of books — por suerte tenía un buen surtido de libros

• we have a large stock of sportswear — tenemos un amplio surtido de ropa deportiva

4) (Theat)

stock of plays — repertorio m de obras

5) (Econ) (=capital) capital m social, capital m en acciones; (=shares) acciones fpl ; (=government securities) bonos mpl del estado

stocks and shares — acciones fpl

6) (=status) prestigio m

• his stock has gone up or risen (with the public) — ha ganado prestigio (entre el público)
laughing
7) (Agr) (=livestock) ganado m

• breeding stock — ganado de cría

8) (=descent)

people of Mediterranean stock — gentes fpl de ascendencia mediterránea

to be of peasant stock — ser de ascendencia campesina

• to be or come of good stock — ser de buena cepa

9) (Culin) caldo m

• beef/ chicken stock — caldo de vaca/pollo

10) (Rail) (also: rolling stock) material m rodante

11) (=handle) (gen) mango m ; [of gun, rifle] culata f

12) (Bot)

a) (=flower) alhelí m

b) (=stem, trunk) [of tree] tronco m ; [of vine] cepa f ; (=source of cuttings) planta f madre; (=plant grafted onto) patrón m

13) stocks

a)

the stocks — (Hist) el cepo

b) (Naut) astillero m, grada f de construcción

• to be on the stocks — [ship] estar en vías de construcción; (fig) [piece of work] estar en preparación

he has three plays on the stocks — tiene tres obras entre manos

14) (=tie) fular m

2. VT

1) (=sell) [+ goods] vender

do you stock light bulbs? — ¿vende usted bombillas?

• we don't stock that brand — no vendemos esa marca

• we stock a wide range of bicycles — tenemos un gran surtido de bicicletas

2) (=fill) [+ shop] surtir, abastecer ( with de); [+ shelves] reponer; [+ library] surtir, abastecer ( with de); [+ farm] abastecer ( with con); [+ freezer, cupboard] llenar ( with de); [+ lake, river] poblar ( with de)

• a well stocked shop/library — una tienda/biblioteca bien surtida

• the lake is stocked with trout — han poblado el lago de truchas

3. ADJ

1) (Comm) [goods, model] de serie, estándar

stock line — línea f estándar

stock size — tamaño m estándar

2) (=standard, hackneyed) [argument, joke, response] típico

"mind your own business" is her stock response to such questions — -no es asunto tuyo, es la respuesta típica que da a esas preguntas

• a stock phrase — una frase hecha

3) (Theat) [play] de repertorio

4) (Agr) (for breeding) de cría

stock mare — yegua f de cría

4.

CPD

stock book N — libro m de almacén, libro m existencias

stock car N — (US) (Rail) vagón m para el ganado; (Aut, Sport) stock-car m
stock-car racing
stock certificate N — certificado m or título m de acciones

stock company N — sociedad f anónima, sociedad f de acciones

stock control N — control m de existencias

stock cube N — (Culin) pastilla f or cubito m de caldo

stock dividend N — dividendo m en acciones

Stock Exchange N — (Econ) Bolsa f

to be on the Stock Exchange — [listed company] ser cotizado en bolsa

prices on the Stock Exchange, Stock Exchange prices — cotizaciones fpl en bolsa

stock farm N — granja f para la cría de ganado

stock farmer N — ganadero(-a) m / f

stock index N — índice m bursátil

stock list N — (Econ) lista f de valores y acciones; (Comm) lista f or inventario m de existencias

stock management N — gestión f de existencias

stock market N — (Econ) bolsa f, mercado m bursátil

stock market activity — actividad f bursátil

stock option (US) N — stock option f, opción f sobre acciones

stock option plan N — plan que permite que los ejecutivos de una empresa compren acciones de la misma a un precio especial

stock raising N — ganadería f
joint 4.
- stock up

* * *

I [stɑːk, stɒk]
noun

1)

a) ( supply) (often pl) reserva f

we need to get some stocks in — necesitamos abastecernos or aprovisionarnos

b) u (of shop, business) existencias fpl, estoc m, stock m

to have something in stock — tener* algo en estoc or en existencias

we're out of stock of green ones — no nos quedan verdes, las verdes se han agotado or están agotadas

to take stock of something — hacer* un balance de algo, evaluar* algo

2) ( Fin)

a) u ( shares) acciones fpl, valores mpl; ( government securities) bonos mpl or papel m del Estado

I have some stock in that company — tengo algunas acciones en esa compañía

b)

stocks and bonds o (BrE) stocks and shares — acciones fpl; ( including government securities) acciones fpl y bonos mpl del Estado

3) u ( livestock) ganado m; (before n)

stock farmer — ganadero, -ra m,f

stock farming — ganadería f, cría f de ganado

4) u ( descent) linaje m, estirpe f

I'm of pioneer stock — soy descendiente de pioneros

to come of good stock — ser* de buena familia

5) c ( of gun) culata f

6) u ( Culin) caldo m

7) c (plant, flower) alhelí m

8) stocks pl ( Hist)

the stocks — el cepo

9) u (AmE Theat) (no art) repertorio m; (before n) <play, company> de repertorio

II

transitive verb

1) ( Busn) vender

2) ( fill) \<\<store\>\> surtir, abastecer*; \<\<larder\>\> llenar

to stock (up) the freezer — llenar el congelador

to stock a lake with fish — poblar* un lago de peces

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- stock up

III

adjective (before n)

a) < size> estándar adj inv; < model> de serie, estándar adj inv

b) < response> típico; < character> típico

a stock phrase — un cliché, una frase hecha

English-spanish dictionary > stock
13 proveer

v.

1 to supply, to provide.

proveer a alguien de algo to provide o supply somebody with something

Ella me da dinero She gives me money.

2 to fill (puesto, cargo).

3 to provide for.

4 to decide.

* * *

proveer

Conjugation model [ LEER], like link=leer leer (pp provisto,-a)

► verbo transitivo

1 (suministrar) to provide (de, with)

2 (cubrir) to fill

3 DERECHO to give an interim ruling on

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

Dios proveerá the Lord will provide

* * *

verb

to provide, supply

- proveerse de

* * *
( pp provisto y proveído)
1. VT

1) (=suministrar) to supply, furnish (de with)

2) (=preparar) to provide, get ready

proveer todo lo necesario — to provide all that is necessary ( para for)

3) [+ vacante] to fill

4) [+ negocio] to transact, dispatch

5) (Jur) to decree

2.

VI

proveer a — to provide for

proveer a las necesidades de algn — to provide for sb's needs

proveer a un vicio de algn — to pander to sb's vice

3.

See:

proveerse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) ( suministrar) to provide

proveer a alguien DE algo — to provide somebody with something

nos proveyeron de todo lo necesario — they supplied o furnished us with everything we needed

iban provistos de botes salvavidas — they were equipped with o they carried lifeboats

2) < vacante> to fill

3) (Der) to give an interim ruling on
2.
proveer vi to provide
3.
proveerse v pron (refl)

nos proveemos en la tienda del pueblo — we get our provisions at the village store

proveerse DE algo — de herramientas, armas to equip oneself with something

tenemos que proveernos de suficiente comida — we must get o obtain enough food

* * *

= provide, set + aside, furnish (with), purvey, provision.

Ex. To start with, most catalogues, indexes, data bases and bibliographies provide access to information or documents.

Ex. A special note has been set aside for information about the person who is making the catalog entry.

Ex. One of the definitions of 'organise' is to furnish with organs, make organic, make into living being or tissue.

Ex. In the sixteenth century the English book trade was centred in London, and consisted chiefly of retail stationers who would be likely to purvey both new and second-hand books and a variety of other goods.

Ex. Previous studies in which squirrels were provisioned with an abundant supply of food found a reduction in the rate of caching.

----

* proveer de = arm with.

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

1) ( suministrar) to provide

proveer a alguien DE algo — to provide somebody with something

nos proveyeron de todo lo necesario — they supplied o furnished us with everything we needed

iban provistos de botes salvavidas — they were equipped with o they carried lifeboats

2) < vacante> to fill

3) (Der) to give an interim ruling on
2.
proveer vi to provide
3.
proveerse v pron (refl)

nos proveemos en la tienda del pueblo — we get our provisions at the village store

proveerse DE algo — de herramientas, armas to equip oneself with something

tenemos que proveernos de suficiente comida — we must get o obtain enough food

* * *

= provide, set + aside, furnish (with), purvey, provision.

Ex: To start with, most catalogues, indexes, data bases and bibliographies provide access to information or documents.

Ex: A special note has been set aside for information about the person who is making the catalog entry.

Ex: One of the definitions of 'organise' is to furnish with organs, make organic, make into living being or tissue.

Ex: In the sixteenth century the English book trade was centred in London, and consisted chiefly of retail stationers who would be likely to purvey both new and second-hand books and a variety of other goods.

Ex: Previous studies in which squirrels were provisioned with an abundant supply of food found a reduction in the rate of caching.

* proveer de = arm with.

* * *

proveer [ E14 ]

vt

A (suministrar) to provide proveer a algn DE algo to provide sb WITH sth

provee de carbón a toda la región it provides o supplies the whole area with coal

nos proveyeron de todo lo necesario they provided o supplied o furnished us with everything we needed

iban provistos de botes salvavidas they were equipped with o they carried lifeboats

proveyó a los niños de or con comida suficiente she provided the children with o she gave the children sufficient food

B ‹vacante› to fill

C ( Der) to give an interim ruling on

■ proveer

vi

to provide

Dios proveerá the Lord will provide

■ proveerse

v pron

( refl):

nos proveemos en la tienda del pueblo we get our provisions o stores at the village store

proveerse DE algo ‹de herramientas, armas› to equip oneself WITH sth

tenemos que proveernos de suficiente comida we must get o obtain o ( frml) secure enough food

* * *

proveer ( conjugate proveer) verbo transitivo ( suministrar) to provide;
proveer a algn DE algo to provide sb with sth;
◊ iban provistos de botes salvavidas they were equipped with o they carried lifeboats

proveerse verbo pronominal ( refl): proveerse DE algo ‹de herramientas/armas› to equip oneself with sth;

‹ de comida› to get sth
proveer
I verbo transitivo
1 (suministrar, aportar) to supply
proveer a alguien de algo, to provide sb with sthg
2 (cubrir una vacante) to fill
II verbo intransitivo to provide: Dios proveerá, the Lord will provide
' proveer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
facilitar
- provisto
- surtir
English:
cater
- equip
- fix up
- provide
- purvey
- staff
- stock
- supply
- fit

* * *

proveer

♦ vt

1. [abastecer] to supply, to provide;

proveer a alguien de algo to provide o supply sb with sth;

la empresa provee de acceso a Internet al ministerio the company acts as Internet service provider for the Ministry

2. [puesto, cargo] to fill

♦ vi

¡Dios proveerá! God will provide!

♦ See also the pronominal verb proveerse

* * *

proveer

<part provisto> v/t supply;

proveer a alguien de algo supply s.o. with sth

* * *

proveer {63} vt

: to provide, to supply

♦ See also the reflexive verb proveerse

* * *

proveer vb to provide / to supply [pt. & pp. supplied]

Spanish-English dictionary > proveer
14 reserva

f.

1 reservation, booking.

he hecho la reserva de las entradas I've booked the tickets

reserva anticipada advance booking

reserva de grupo block booking

2 reserves.

tener algo de reserva to keep something in reserve

reservas energy reserves; (energía acumulada) resources (recursos)

reservas de divisas (economics) foreign currency

reservas monetarias monetary reserves

reservas de oro gold reserves

3 reservation.

sin reservas without reservation

4 discretion.

5 reservation.

6 reserve.

reserva natural nature reserve

7 reserve (military).

pasar a la reserva to become a reservist

8 resource, reserve, reservoir.

f. & m.

reserve, substitute (sport).

m.

vintage (wine) (vino).

pres.indicat.

3^rd person singular (él/ella/ello) present indicative of spanish verb: reservar.

imperat.

2^nd person singular (tú) Imperative of Spanish verb: reservar.

* * *

reserva

► nombre femenino

1 (de plazas, entradas) booking, reservation

2 (provisión) reserve; (existencias) stock

■ reservas de carburante fuel reserves, fuel stocks

3 (cautela) reservation

4 (discreción) discretion, reserve

5 (vino) vintage

■ es un vino de reserva it's a vintage wine

6 (de animales) reserve; (de personas) reservation

■ reserva de indios Indian reservation

7 MILITAR reserve, reserves plural

► nombre masulino o femenino

1 DEPORTE reserve, substitute

► nombre femenino plural reservas

1 COMERCIO reserves, stock sing

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

'Reserva de habitaciones' "Room reservations"

con la mayor reserva in the strictest confidence

guardar algo en reserva to keep something in reserve

hacer una reserva to make a reservation, make a booking, book

pasar a la reserva MILITAR to be put in the reserves

sin reserva / sin reservas openly, without reservation

tener reservas sobre algo to have reservations about something

tener algo en reserva to keep something in reserve

reserva de divisas foreign currency reserves plural

* * *

noun f.

1) reservation

2) booking

3) confidentiality

4) reserve

* * *

1. SF

1) (=provisiones) [de minerales, petróleo, armamentos, vitaminas] reserve; [de agua] supply; [de productos ya almacenados] stock

las reservas de agua están al mínimo — water supplies are at a minimum

acumularon grandes reservas de carbón para el invierno — they built up large stocks of coal for the winter

pasta, arroz, legumbres, tienen reservas de todo — pasta, rice, pulses, they have stocks of everything

reservas de víveres — food supplies

estos chicos tienen grandes reservas de energía — these kids have endless amounts o reserves of energy

de reserva — [precio, jugador, fondo] reserve antes de s ; [zapatos, muda] spare

el equipo de reserva — the reserve team

2) (Econ) reserve

las reservas de divisas — currency reserves

reserva de caja — cash reserves pl

reserva en efectivo, reserva en metálico — cash reserves pl

reserva para amortización, reserva para depreciaciones — depreciation allowance

reservas de oro — gold reserves

reservas monetarias — [de un país] currency reserves

reservas ocultas — hidden reserves, secret reserves

3) (=solicitud) [en hotel, avión] reservation; [en teatro, restaurante] reservation, booking

no se cobra por la reserva de asientos — there is no booking o reservation charge

se pueden hacer reservas por teléfono — you can book by phone, you can make a telephone booking o reservation

ya he hecho la reserva de plaza en la academia de baile — I've reserved o booked my place at the dance school

4) (=territorio) reserve

reserva biológica — wildlife sanctuary, wildlife reserve

reserva de caza — game reserve

reserva de indios — Indian reservation

reserva de pesca — protected fishing area, fishing preserve

reserva nacional — national park

reserva natural — nature reserve

5) (Mil)

nuestro ejército tiene una importante reserva de soldados — our army has significant reserves of soldiers

pasar a la reserva — to join the reserve

reserva activa — active reserve

6) (Dep)

estar en la reserva — to be a reserve

7) (Aut) [de gasolina] reserve tank

con la reserva tenemos para diez kilómetros — with the reserve tank we have enough to go ten kilometres

8) (=recelo) reservation

el pacto será aprobado, aunque con algunas reservas — the agreement will be sanctioned, but with certain reservations

contestó con ciertas reservas — she answered with some reservation

nos apoyaron sin reservas — they gave us their unreserved support

9) [de carácter] (=inhibición) reserve; (=discreción) discretion

confiamos en tu reserva al manejar este asunto — we are counting on your discretion in this matter

10) (=secreto) confidence

se ruega absoluta reserva — your strictest confidence is requested

han mantenido la más absoluta reserva sobre este incidente — they have maintained the utmost confidence over this incident

sus nombres se mantienen en reserva por razones de seguridad — their names have not been revealed for security reasons

11)

a reserva de — subject to

a reserva de un estudio más detallado — subject to more detailed study

a reserva de consultar antes con mis superiores — subject to prior consultation with my superiors

a reserva de que... — unless...

2.

SMF (Dep) reserve

el banquillo de los reservas — the reserves' bench

3.

SM (=vino) vintage wine ( that has been aged for a minimum of three years)
RESERVA Quality Spanish wine is often graded Crianza, Reserva or Gran Reserva according to the length of bottle-ageing and barrel-ageing it has undergone. Red Reserva wines are at least three years old, having spent a minimum of one year in cask, and white Reserva wines are at least two years old with at least six months spent in cask. A Gran Reserva wine is a top-quality wine. A red must be aged for at least two years in an oak cask and three years in the bottle. White wine must be aged for four years, with at least six months in cask.
See:

ver nota culturelle CRIANZA in crianza

* * *
I
femenino

1) (de habitación, pasaje) reservation; ( de mesa) booking, reservation

¿tiene reserva? — do you have a reservation?, have you booked?

hacer una reserva — to make a reservation

2)

a) ( cantidad guardada) reserve

reservas de trigo — reserves o stocks of wheat

tengo otro par de reserva — I have a spare pair

este dinero lo tengo de reserva para... — I'm keeping this money in reserve for...

b) reservas femenino plural (Biol) reserves (of fat) (pl)

3)

a) (Dep) ( equipo) reserves (pl), reserve team; ( conjunto de suplentes) substitutes (pl)

b) (Mil)

la reserva — the reserve

4) ( de indígenas) reservation; ( de animales) reserve

- reserva natural

5) (secreto, discreción)

en la más absoluta reserva — in the strictest confidence

mantener algo en la mayor reserva — to keep something absolutely secret

6) reservas femenino plural

a) ( dudas) reservations (pl)

lo aceptó, pero no sin reservas — he agreed, but not without reservations

b) ( reparos)

habló sin reservas — he talked openly o freely

díselo sin reservas — tell her everything, don't keep anything back

7) (Méx)

a reserva de que + subj: iremos a reserva de que (no) llueva — we'll go as long as o provided it doesn't rain
II
masculino y femenino Dep reserve
III
masculino: wine aged for at least three years
•• Cultural note:
reserva

Vinos de reserva are those of a better than average vintage. To qualify for this designation, red wines must have been aged in cask and bottle for a minimum of three years, and white wines for two years. See also gran reserva

* * *
I
femenino

1) (de habitación, pasaje) reservation; ( de mesa) booking, reservation

¿tiene reserva? — do you have a reservation?, have you booked?

hacer una reserva — to make a reservation

2)

a) ( cantidad guardada) reserve

reservas de trigo — reserves o stocks of wheat

tengo otro par de reserva — I have a spare pair

este dinero lo tengo de reserva para... — I'm keeping this money in reserve for...

b) reservas femenino plural (Biol) reserves (of fat) (pl)

3)

a) (Dep) ( equipo) reserves (pl), reserve team; ( conjunto de suplentes) substitutes (pl)

b) (Mil)

la reserva — the reserve

4) ( de indígenas) reservation; ( de animales) reserve

- reserva natural

5) (secreto, discreción)

en la más absoluta reserva — in the strictest confidence

mantener algo en la mayor reserva — to keep something absolutely secret

6) reservas femenino plural

a) ( dudas) reservations (pl)

lo aceptó, pero no sin reservas — he agreed, but not without reservations

b) ( reparos)

habló sin reservas — he talked openly o freely

díselo sin reservas — tell her everything, don't keep anything back

7) (Méx)

a reserva de que + subj: iremos a reserva de que (no) llueva — we'll go as long as o provided it doesn't rain
II
masculino y femenino Dep reserve
III
masculino: wine aged for at least three years
•• Cultural note:
reserva

Vinos de reserva are those of a better than average vintage. To qualify for this designation, red wines must have been aged in cask and bottle for a minimum of three years, and white wines for two years. See also gran reserva

* * *

reserva¹

¹ = reserve, preserve.

Ex: News of boundless timber reserves spread, and before long lumberjacks from the thinning hardwood forests of New England swarmed into the uncharted area with no other possessions than their axes and brawn and the clothing they wore.

Ex: This article discusses the role of the librarian, who may view on-line as either status-enhancing or their own preserve.

* reserva de animales = wildlife preserve, game reserve.

* reserva india = Indian reservation.

* reserva natural = nature reserve, nature preserve, wildlife preserve.

* reservas de agua subterránea = groundwater reservoir.

reserva²

² = hold, reservation, reserve, set-aside, title hold, booking, slack, cushion, standby [stand-by], deposit, collection.

Ex: If holds have been placed on the title, an 'X' appears in the hold column.

Ex: This system incorporates all the usual functions associated with the issue, return and reservation of library materials.

Ex: This is sometimes called a ' reserve' because the document is reserved for a borrower when it becomes available.

Ex: Even sympathetic librarians may not have the political clout to force their local government to mandate minority business set-asides.

Ex: If there is a title hold on the copy, an error message is displayed and the master number is not changed.

Ex: Film and other media bookings can be handled by one or two programs which are available for microcomputers.

Ex: Therefore, there must be some slack in the system to absorb the additional I & R services or the service must be reduced in other areas.

Ex: Libraries ordinarily have only a small staff ' cushion' to provide for sickness, vacation, and compensatory days off.

Ex: Standbys and understudies rarely get the job when a star needs to be replaced long-term, and Calaway and Patterson know how lucky they are to have beaten the odds.

Ex: Accommodation deposit will be refunded minus $25 handling fee.

Ex: While there are a profusion of techniques in existence to gain access to the collections, there is no uniform system.

* acumulación de reservas = stockpile, accumulation of stockpiles, stockpiling.

* acumular reservas = stockpile.

* admitir un número de reservas mayor a las plazas existentes = overbook.

* colocar Algo en reserva = place + Nombre + in reserve, place + Nombre + on reserve, place + Nombre + on hold.

* depósito de reserva = local reserve store, reserve store.

* de reserva = standby [stand-by].

* descuento por reserva anticipada = early booking discount.

* ejército de reserva = reserve army.

* en estado de reserva = on standby.

* en reserva = on hold.

* estantería de reserva = hold shelf.

* fondo de reserva = reserve fund.

* guardar en reserva = keep in + reserve, hold in + reserve.

* hacer una reserva = make + reservation.

* hoja de reserva = hold slip, booking form.

* impreso de reserva = booking form.

* lista de reserva = hold list.

* mantener en reserva = keep on + reserve, keep in + reserve.

* material de reserva = reserve stock.

* que no admite reserva = unreserved.

* reserva de billetes de avión = airline reservation.

* reserva de hotel = hotel reservation.

* reserva de libro = book reservation.

* reserva de libros = reserve book room.

* reserva de multimedia = media booking.

* reserva de películas = film booking.

* reserva de puestos de lectura = seat reservation.

* reserva disponible = hold available.

* reservas = stockpile.

* satisfacer una petición de reserva = satisfy + hold request.

* satisfacer una reserva = satisfy + hold.

* sin reserva = unreserved.

* sin reservas = forthright, categorical, uncompromising, uncompromisingly, unqualified, categoric, unmitigaged.

* sistema de reservas = booking system.

* solicitud de reserva = reservation form.

* tener en reserva = hold in + reserve.

* vino de reserva = mature wine.

reserva³

* con reserva = doubtfully.

* con reservas = qualified, with reservations.

* reserva absoluta = nondisclosure [non-disclosure].

* sin reserva = unconditionally.

* sin reservas = unshielded, go + the whole hog, the full monty, without reservation, wholeheartedly [whole-heartedly], unreserved, unreservedly.

* * *

reserva¹

feminine

A (de una habitación) reservation; (de una mesa) booking, reservation; (al comprar un inmueble) ( Arg) deposit; (de un pasaje, billete) reservation

¿tiene reserva? do you have a reservation?, have you booked?

he hecho una reserva para el vuelo de las nueve I've made a reservation for the nine o'clock flight, I'm booked on the nine o'clock flight

el sistema de reservas the booking o reservation system

B

1 (cantidad, porción que se guarda) reserve

las reservas de divisas foreign currency reserves

las reservas de trigo se están agotando reserves o stocks of wheat are running out

la reserva es de cinco litros the reserve tank holds five liters

tengo otro par de reserva I have a spare pair

el agua de reserva the reserve water supply

termina la botella tranquila, tengo otra de reserva don't worry, finish the bottle, I have another one o I can always open another one

este dinero lo tengo de reserva para una emergencia I'm keeping this money in reserve for an emergency

2 reservas fpl ( Biol) reserves (of fat) (pl)

C

1 ( Dep) (equipo) reserves (pl), reserve team; (conjunto de suplentes) substitutes (pl)

2 ( Mil):

la reserva the reserve

Compuesto:

reserva activa

active reserve

D (de indígenas) reservation; (de animales) reserve

Compuesto:

reserva natural

nature reserve

E

(secreto, discreción): se garantiza la más absoluta reserva all applications treated in the strictest confidence

le pidió mantener en la mayor reserva la información recibida he asked her to keep the information she had received absolutely secret

pidió reserva de su nombre he asked for his name not to be revealed

F reservas fpl

1 (dudas) reservations (pl)

lo aceptó, pero no sin reservas he agreed, but not without (certain) reservations

2

(reparos, limitaciones): habló sin reservas de lo que había pasado he talked openly o freely of what had happened

díselo sin reservas tell her everything, don't keep anything back

G

( Méx) a reserva DE QUE + SUBJ: lo haré mañana a reserva de que (no) llueva I'll do it tomorrow as long as o provided it doesn't rain

reserva²

masculine and feminine

reserve

reserva³

masculine

reserva (↑ reserva a1)

wine aged for at least three years

CULTURAL NOTE

reserva

Vinos de reserva are those of a better than average vintage. To qualify for this designation, red wines must have been aged in cask and bottle for a minimum of three years, and white wines for two years. See also gran reserva (↑ grana a1)

* * *

Del verbo reservar: ( conjugate reservar)

reserva es:

3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) presente indicativo

2ª persona singular (tú) imperativo

Multiple Entries:
reserva
reservar
reserva sustantivo femenino
1 (de habitación, pasaje) reservation;
( de mesa) booking, reservation;
◊ ¿tiene reserva? do you have a reservation?, have you booked?

2 ( cantidad guardada) reserve;
◊ tengo otro par de reserva I have a spare pair

3
a) (Dep) ( equipo) reserves (pl), reserve team;

( conjunto de suplentes) substitutes (pl)
b) ( de indígenas) reservation;

( de animales) reserve;
◊ reserva natural nature reserve

4 (secreto, discreción):
◊ en la más absoluta reserva in the strictest confidence

5
◊ reservas sustantivo femenino plural

a) ( dudas) reservations (pl)

b) ( reparos):

◊ habló sin reservas he talked openly o freely

6 (Méx):
◊ a reserva de que (no) llueva as long as o provided (that) it doesn't rain

■ sustantivo masculino y femenino (Dep) reserve
reservar ( conjugate reservar) verbo transitivo
1 ‹asiento/habitación/mesa› to reserve, book;
‹pasaje/billete› to book
2 ( guardar) ‹porción de comida/dinero› to set aside;
◊ nos reservaba una sorpresa he had a surprise in store for us;

reservó lo mejor para el final she kept the best till last
reservarse verbo pronominal
a) ( para sí mismo) ‹porción/porcentaje› to keep … for oneself;

◊ reservase la opinión to reserve judgment

b) ( refl) ( para otra tarea) to save oneself

reserva
I sustantivo femenino
1 (en un hotel, restaurante, vuelo, etc) reservation, booking
2 (depósito) reserve, stock: Auto el depósito del coche está en reserva, the tank is almost empty
las reservas de agua potable, reserves of drinking water
3 (prudencia, discreción) reserve, discretion: díselo sin reservas, tell it all to her without holding anything back
4 (objeción, duda, recelo) reservation: aceptó mi proyecto con reservas, he accepted my project with reservations
5 (territorio acotado) reserve
reserva natural, nature reserve
una reserva india, an Indian reservation
6 Mil reserve, reserves pl
II m (vino) vintage wine
III mf Dep reserve, substitute
IV fpl si sigues trabajando sin comer te quedarás sin reservas, if you continue to work and don't eat, you'll exhaust your energy
reservar verbo transitivo
1 (algo para más tarde) to keep back
(guardar para alguien) to keep (aside): le reservamos una sorpresa, we have a surprise in store for him
2 (en un hotel, restaurante, etc) to book, reserve: hemos reservado una mesa para cuatro (personas), we reserved a table for four
' reserva' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
confianza
- reservarse
- secreta
- secreto
- sigilo
- terminarse
- discreción
- pudor
- reservación
- resguardo
- reticencia
English:
advance
- book
- book in
- booking
- constraint
- designate
- detachment
- hand
- hoard
- menagerie
- nature reserve
- qualification
- reservation
- reserve
- reservedly
- reservedness
- reservoir
- ROTC
- sanctuary
- secretiveness
- stand-offishness
- standby generator
- stock
- store
- store away
- Territorial Army
- unreservedly
- back
- doubtfully
- federal
- nature
- preserve

* * *

reserva

♦ nf

1. [de hotel, avión] reservation;

no tenemos reserva we don't have a reservation;

he hecho la reserva de las entradas I've booked the tickets;

tengo una reserva en el restaurante I've reserved o booked a table at the restaurant

Comp
reserva anticipada advance booking
2. [provisión] reserves;

tenemos una reserva de carbón para el invierno we're stocked up with coal for the winter;

tener algo de reserva to keep sth in reserve;

agotó sus reservas de agua he used up his water supply o his reserves of water

Comp
reservas energéticas energy reserves;
reservas hídricas water reserves;

reservas minerales mineral reserves

3. Econ reserve

Comp
reservas de divisas foreign currency reserves;
la Reserva Federal [en Estados Unidos] the Federal Reserve;

reservas monetarias monetary reserves;

reservas de oro gold reserves

4. [objeción, cautela] reservation;

aceptaron el acuerdo, pero con reservas they accepted the agreement, with some reservations;

sin reservas without reservation;

tener reservas to have reservations

5. [discreción] discretion;

puedes hablar sin reservas you can speak openly;

con la mayor reserva in the strictest confidence

6. [de indígenas] reservation

7. [de animales, plantas] reserve

Comp
reserva de caza game preserve;
reserva forestal forest park;

reserva natural nature reserve

8. Mil reserves;

pasar a la reserva to become a reservist

9. Biol [de grasa, energía] reserves

♦ nmf
Dep reserve, substitute
♦ nm
[vino] vintage (wine) [at least three years old]
♦ a reserva de loc prep

pending;

a reserva de un estudio más detallado… pending a more detailed analysis…

* * *

reserva

I f

1 reservation;

reserva de asiento FERR seat reservation;

hacer una reserva make a reservation

2 ( duda)

:

sin reservas without reservation

II m/f DEP reserve, substitute

* * *

reserva nf

1) : reservation

2) : reserve

3) : confidence, privacy

con la mayor reserva: in strictest confidence

4)

de reserva : spare, in reserve

5) reservas nfpl

: reservations, doubts

* * *

reserva n

1. (de hotel, etc) reservation / booking

me han confirmado la reserva they have confirmed my reservation

2. (provisión) supply / stock

hay una reserva de alimentos en conserva there's a stock of tinned food

3. (zona natural) reserve

una reserva natural a nature reserve

4. (jugador suplente) reserve / substitute

los reservas se sientan en el banquillo the reserves sit on the bench

hacer una reserva to book

¿han hecho ustedes reserva? did you book?

Spanish-English dictionary > reserva
15 Dudley, Dud

SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy

[br]

b. 1599

d. 25 October 1684 Worcester, England

[br]

English ironmaster who drew attention to the need to change from charcoal to coal as a fuel for iron smelting.

[br]

Dudley was the fourth natural son of Edward Sutton, fifth Baron Dudley. In 1619 he was summoned from Balliol College, Oxford, to superintend his father's ironworks at Pensnet in Worcestershire. There had long been concern at the destruction of the forests in order to make charcoal for the smelting of iron ore, and unsuccessful attempts had been made to substitute coal as a fuel. Finding that charcoal was in short supply and coal plentiful near Pensnet, Dudley was stimulated by these attempts to try the process for himself. He claimed to have made good, marketable iron and in 1621 his father obtained a patent from the King to protect his process for thirty-one years. After a serious flood, Dudley moved to Staffordshire and continued his efforts there. In 1639 he was granted a further patent for making iron with coal. Although he probably made some samples of good iron, more by luck than judgement, it is hardly possible that he achieved consistent success. He blamed this on the machinations of other ironmasters. The day that King Charles II landed in England to assume his throne', Dudley petitioned him to renew his patents, but he was refused and he ceased to promote his invention. In 1665, however, he published his celebrated book Metallum Martis, Iron Made with Pit-Coaky Sea-Coale…. In this he described his efforts in general terms, but neither there nor in his patents does he give any technical details of his methods. He implied the use of slack or small coal from the Staffordshire Thick or Ten Yard coal, but this has a sulphur content that would have rendered the iron unusable; in addition, this coal would not have been suitable for converting to coke in order to remove the sulphur. Nevertheless, Dudley recognized the need to change from charcoal to coal as a fuel for iron smelting and drew attention to it, even though he himself achieved little success.

[br]

Further Reading

H.R.Schubert, 1957, History of the British Iron and Steel Industry AD 430 to AD 1775, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.

W.K.V.Gale, 1967, The British Iron and Steel Industry: A Technical History, London (provides brief details of Dudley's life in relation to the history of ironmaking).

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Dudley, Dud
16 Green, Charles

SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace

[br]

b. 31 January 1785 London, England

d. 26 March 1870 London, England

[br]

English balloonist who introduced the use of coal gas for balloons.

[br]

Charles Green lived in London at a time when gas mains were being installed to supply coal gas for the recently introduced gas lighting. He was interested in the exploits of balloonists but lacked the finance needed to construct a balloon and fill it with expensive hydrogen. He decided to experiment with coal gas, which was very much cheaper, albeit a little heavier, than hydrogen: a larger balloon would be needed to lift the same weight. Green made his first ascent on 19 July 1821 to celebrate the coronation of King George. His large balloon was prepared in Green Park, London, and filled from the gas main in Piccadilly. He made a spectacular ascent to 11,000 ft (3,350 m), thus proving the suitability of coal gas, which was readily available and cheap. Like many balloonists, Green was also a showman. He made ascents on horseback or with fireworks to attract spectators. He did, however, try out some new ideas, such as cemented fabric joints (instead of stitching) for a huge new balloon, the Royal Vauxhall. On its first flight, in September 1836, this impressive balloon carried Green plus eight passengers. On 7 November 1836 Green and two friends ascended from Vauxhall Gardens, London, to make a long-distance flight. They landed safely in the Duchy of Nassau, Germany, having covered a record 480 miles (772 km) in eighteen hours. To help control the height of the balloon on this flight, Green fitted a long, heavy rope which trailed on the ground. If the balloon started to rise, then more of the "trail rope" was lifted off the ground, resulting in an increase in the weight to be lifted and a reduction in the rate of ascent. This idea had been suggested earlier by Thomas Baldwin in 1785, but Green developed it and in 1840 proposed to use if for a flight across the Atlantic: he later abandoned this plan.

Charles Green made over five hundred ascents and died in bed at the age of 85, no small age for a balloonist.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Member of the (Royal) Aeronautical Society, founded in 1866.

Bibliography

1836, Authentic Narrative of the Great Balloon Voyage and Descent in Germany, London (a pamphlet).

Further Reading

L.T.C.Rolt, 1966, The Aeronauts, London (provides a full account of Green's achievements).

J.E.Hodgson, 1924, the History of Aeronautics in Great Britain, London.

T.Monck Mason, 1838, Aeronautica, London.

JDS

Biographical history of technology > Green, Charles
17 استخدم

اِسْتَخْدَمَ \ apply: to put sth. on or into use (force, rules, etc.): Apply as much force as is necessary. employ: to give work to: My firm employs 300 men, to use: She employed every trick that she knew in the hope of getting what she wanted. engage: to give a job to: The school has engaged two new teachers. exercise: to make active use of (one’s mind, a power or right): Exercise a little more patience, please. exploit: to develop; make full use of (things that nature provides: forests, oil, coal, etc.): We can make electricity by exploiting the force of the river. take: to use; follow: We took the train to London. You took the wrong road. Don’t go! You should take this chance of a new job. take on: to give employment to: My company has taken on three new clerks. use: to employ (sth.) for a purpose; do sth. with: We use cups for drinking. I had to use force to open the door. utilize: to make use of (sth. that one has): Coal, oil and gas are all utilized as means of power. \ See Also شغل (شَغَّلَ)، وظف (وَظَّفَ)، استثمر (اِسْتَثْمَر)‏ \ اِسْتَخْدَمَ بِبَرَاعة (أداة، سُلْطة، إلخ)‏ \ wield: old use to use or handle effectively (an axe, sword, power, etc.). \ اِسْتَخْدَمَ الآلة بدلاً من الإنسان \ mechanize: to supply with machines; use machines for (instead of using men, horses, etc.): mechanized farming. \ اِسْتَخْدَمَ علامات الفصل والوقف في الكتابة \ punctuate: to put the stops (?;. etc.) into writing. \ اِسْتَخْدَمَ كَـ \ act as: to be useful for; be used as: The fallen tree acted as a bridge across the river.

Arabic-English dictionary > استخدم
18 load

1. noun
1) (burden, weight) Last, die; (amount carried) Ladung, die

a load of hay — eine Ladung Heu

barrow-load of apples — Karre voll Äpfel

a load of [old] rubbish or tripe — (fig. coll.) ein einziger Mist (ugs.)

talk a load of rubbish — eine Menge Blödsinn reden (ugs.)

what a load of rubbish! — was für ein Quatsch (ugs.) od. (ugs. abwertend) Schmarren!

get a load of this! — (coll.) (listen) hör einmal gut od. genau zu! (ugs.); (look) guck mal genau hin! (ugs.)

2) (weight) Last, die; (Electr.) Belastung, die

3) (fig.) Last, die; Bürde, die (geh.)

take a load off somebody's mind — jemandem eine Last von der Seele nehmen

that's a load off my mind — damit fällt mir ein Stein vom Herzen

4) usu. in pl. (coll.): (plenty)

loads of — jede Menge od. massenhaft (ugs.) [Nahrungsmittel usw.]
2. transitive verb
1) (put load on) beladen

load somebody with work — (fig.) jemandem Arbeit auftragen od. (ugs. abwertend) aufhalsen

2) (put as load) laden

3)

the dice were loaded against him — (fig.) er hatte schlechte Karten

4) (charge) laden [Gewehr]

load a camera — einen Film [in einen Fotoapparat] einlegen

5) (insert) einlegen [Film, Tonband usw.] ( into in + Akk.); laden [Datei, Dokument]

6) (strain) schwer belasten

a table loaded with food — ein mit Speisen beladener Tisch
3. intransitive verb
laden ( with Akk.)

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/88815/load_up">load up

* * *
[ləud] 1. noun
1) (something which is being carried: The lorry had to stop because its load had fallen off; She was carrying a load of groceries.) die Ladung

2) (as much as can be carried at one time: two lorry-loads of earth.) die Ladung

3) (a large amount: He talked a load of rubbish; We ate loads of ice-cream.) eine Unmasse

4) (the power carried by an electric circuit: The wires were designed for a load of 15 amps.) die Leistung
2. verb
1) (to take or put on what is to be carried (especially if heavy): They loaded the luggage into the car; The lorry was loading when they arrived.) beladen

2) (to put ammunition into (a gun): He loaded the revolver and fired.) laden

3) (to put film into (a camera).) Film einlegen

•

- loaded

* * *

load

[ləʊd, AM loʊd]

I. n

1. (amount carried) Ladung f; (cargo) Fracht f

the maximum \load for this elevator is eight persons der Aufzug hat eine Tragkraft von maximal acht Personen

with a full \load of passengers mit Passagieren [voll] besetzt

2. (burden) Last f

a heavy/light \load ein hohes/niedriges Arbeitspensum

I've got a heavy teaching \load this term in diesem Semester habe ich eine hohe Stundenzahl

to lighten the \load das Arbeitspensum verringern

to spread the \load die Verantwortung teilen

\load of debt Schuldenlast f; (of grief) Last f

3. ( fam: lots)

a \load of people turned up at the party zur Party kamen jede Menge Leute fam

what a \load of rubbish! was für ein ausgemachter Blödsinn! fam

a \load of cars eine [o jede] Menge Autos fam

a \load of washing Wäscheberg m

a \load of work ein Riesenberg an Arbeit

4. ( fam: plenty)

▪ \loads jede Menge fam, massenhaft fam

you need \loads of patience to look after children man braucht unglaublich viel Geduld, um Kinder zu beaufsichtigen

5.

▶ get a \load of this! (sl) hör dir das an!

get a \load of this new car! jetzt schau' dir doch mal dieses neue Auto an!

▶ to take a \load off [one's feet] AM sich akk erst mal setzen fam

▶ that takes a \load off my mind! da fällt mir aber ein Stein vom Herzen!

II. adv

▪ \loads pl (sl) tausendmal fam

this book is \loads better than his last one dieses Buch ist um Klassen besser als sein letztes fam

III. vt

1. (fill)

▪ to \load sth etw laden

to \load a container einen Container beladen

to \load the dishwasher die Spülmaschine einräumen

to \load the washing machine die Waschmaschine füllen

2. ( fig: burden) aufladen

my boss has \loaded me with work mein Chef hat mich mit unheimlich viel Arbeit eingedeckt

\loaded with grief gramgebeugt

\loaded with worries sorgenbeladen

to \load sb with responsibilities jdm sehr viel Verantwortung aufladen

3. (supply excessively)

▪ to \load sb/sth with sth jdn/etw mit etw dat überhäufen [o überschütten

4. (fill) laden

to \load a cannon eine Kanone laden

to \load bullets [into a weapon] Patronen [nach]laden; (insert) einlegen

to \load a cassette/film eine Kassette/einen Film einlegen

to \load a program onto a computer ein Programm auf einem Computer installieren

5. (bias)

to \load a roulette wheel das Roulette präparieren

6.

▶ to \load the dice mit falschen Karten spielen fig

to \load the dice in favour of sb/sth für jdn/etw eingenommen sein

to \load the dice against sb/sth gegen jdn/etw voreingenommen sein

IV. vi [ver]laden

* * *
[ləʊd]
1. n

1) (= sth carried, burden) Last f; (= cargo) Ladung f; (on girder, axle etc, fig) Belastung f, Last f

what sort of load was the ship/truck carrying? — was hatte das Schiff/der Lastwagen geladen?

to put a load on sth — etw belasten

to put too heavy a load on sth — etw überlasten

the maximum load for that bridge is 10 tons —

an arm-load of shopping — ein Arm voll Einkäufe

a train-load of passengers — ein Zug voll Reisender

(work) load — (Arbeits)pensum nt

he has a heavy teaching load this term — er hat in diesem Semester eine hohe Stundenzahl

he carries a heavy load of responsibility — er trägt eine schwere Verantwortung

I put a load in the washing machine — ich habe die Maschine mit Wäsche gefüllt

that's a load off my mind! — da fällt mir ein Stein vom Herzen!

to take a load off sb's mind — jdm eine Last von der Seele nehmen

2) (ELEC) (supplied) Leistung f; (carried) Spannung f

3)

(inf usages) loads of, a load of — massenhaft (inf), jede Menge (inf)

thanks, we have loads — danke, wir haben jede Menge (inf)

it's a load of old rubbish (Brit) — das ist alles Blödsinn (inf) or Quatsch (inf); (film, book, translation) das ist alles Mist! (inf)

to take on a load — (ganz schön) einen heben (inf)

2. vt

1) goods laden; lorry etc beladen

the ship was loaded with bananas — das Schiff hatte Bananen geladen

2) (= burden, weigh down) beladen

the branch was loaded with pears — der Ast war mit Birnen überladen

3) (fig) überhäufen

or honors (US) —

the whole matter is loaded with problems — die Angelegenheit steckt voller Probleme

they were loaded with debt — sie steckten tief in Schulden

4) gun laden

to load a camera — einen Film (in einen Fotoapparat) einlegen

is this camera loaded? — ist ein Film im Apparat?

5) dice fälschen, präparieren

to load the dice (fig) — mit gezinkten Karten spielen

to load the dice against sb (fig) — jdn übervorteilen

the dice had been loaded against him (fig) — alles sprach gegen ihn

6) (COMPUT) laden

3. vi

1) (= load goods, truck) laden

"loading and unloading" — "Be- und Entladen"

2) (= load gun) laden; (= load camera) einen Film einlegen

load! — Gewehr(e) laden!

how does this gun load? —

how does this camera load? — wie legt man einen Film in diesen Apparat ein?

3) (COMPUT) laden

* * *

load [ləʊd]

A s

1. Last f ( auch PHYS)

2. Ladung f (auch einer Schusswaffe), Fuhre f:

get a load of umg

a) sich etwas ansehen oder anhören,

b) etwas zu sehen oder zu hören bekommen;

get a load of this umg

a) hör oder schau dir das mal an!,

b) merk dir das!;

have a load on US umg schwer geladen haben (betrunken sein);

shoot one’s load vulg abschießen (ejakulieren)

3. fig Last f, Bürde f:

a load of care eine Sorgenlast;

his decision took a load off my mind bei seiner Entscheidung fiel mir ein Stein vom Herzen;

it is a load off my mind to know that … seitdem ich weiß, dass …, ist mir bedeutend wohler

4. pl umg (of) Massen pl (von Geld etc), eine Unmasse (Leute etc):

there were loads to eat es gab massenhaft zu essen; → loads B

5. (Arbeits) Pensum n, WIRTSCH auch Leistungssoll n

6. ELEK, TECH

a) Last f, Belastung f:

safe load zulässige Belastung;

the load on a motor die Belastung eines Motors; → inductive 1, peak¹ B

b) Leistung f

7. TECH Ladung f, Füllung f (Beschickungsgut)

B v/t

1. auch load up ein Fahrzeug etc beladen ( with mit):

be loaded with coal Kohle geladen haben;

load down

a) schwer beladen,

b) niederdrücken (a. fig);

he is loaded down with responsibilities seine Verpflichtungen lasten schwer auf ihm

2. einen Gegenstand etc laden ( into in akk; onto auf akk), Güter verladen:

load up aufladen

3. a) TECH Beschickungsgut aufgeben, einfüllen

b) einen Hochofen, Reaktor etc beschicken

4. eine Schusswaffe etc laden:

load the camera FOTO einen Film (in die Kamera) einlegen

5. jemanden überhäufen ( with mit Arbeit, Geschenken, Vorwürfen etc):

load duties on sb jemanden mit Pflichten überhäufen

6. sich den Magen überladen:

load one’s stomach

7. beschweren, schwerer machen, engS. Würfel einseitig beschweren, präparieren:

load the dice in sb’s favo(u)r fig

a) vorteilhaft für jemanden sein,

b) jemandem einen Vorteil verschaffen;

load the dice against sb fig

a) nachteilig für jemanden sein,

b) jemanden benachteiligen;

the dice are loaded against him alles ist gegen ihn, alles hat sich gegen ihn verschworen

8. a) ein Getränk präparieren

b) Wein etc panschen

9. ELEK pupinisieren, Pupinspulen einbauen in (akk)

10. COMPUT ein Programm laden

C v/i

1. meist load up (auf-, ein)laden

2. beladen werden

3. (das Gewehr etc) laden, FOTO einen Film einlegen:

are you loaded? ist Ihre Waffe geladen?

4. geladen werden (Schusswaffe etc):

how does this camera load? FOTO wie wird in diese Kamera der Film eingelegt?

* * *
1. noun
1) (burden, weight) Last, die; (amount carried) Ladung, die

a load of hay — eine Ladung Heu

barrow-load of apples — Karre voll Äpfel

a load of [old] rubbish or tripe — (fig. coll.) ein einziger Mist (ugs.)

talk a load of rubbish — eine Menge Blödsinn reden (ugs.)

what a load of rubbish! — was für ein Quatsch (ugs.) od. (ugs. abwertend) Schmarren!

get a load of this! — (coll.) (listen) hör einmal gut od. genau zu! (ugs.); (look) guck mal genau hin! (ugs.)

2) (weight) Last, die; (Electr.) Belastung, die

3) (fig.) Last, die; Bürde, die (geh.)

take a load off somebody's mind — jemandem eine Last von der Seele nehmen

that's a load off my mind — damit fällt mir ein Stein vom Herzen

4) usu. in pl. (coll.): (plenty)

loads of — jede Menge od. massenhaft (ugs.) [Nahrungsmittel usw.]
2. transitive verb
1) (put load on) beladen

load somebody with work — (fig.) jemandem Arbeit auftragen od. (ugs. abwertend) aufhalsen

2) (put as load) laden

3)

the dice were loaded against him — (fig.) er hatte schlechte Karten

4) (charge) laden [Gewehr]

load a camera — einen Film [in einen Fotoapparat] einlegen

5) (insert) einlegen [Film, Tonband usw.] ( into in + Akk.); laden [Datei, Dokument]

6) (strain) schwer belasten

a table loaded with food — ein mit Speisen beladener Tisch
3. intransitive verb
laden ( with Akk.)

Phrasal Verbs:

- load up

* * *

n.

Druck -e m.

Ladung -en f.

Last -en m. v.

beladen v.

belasten v.

laden v.

(§ p.,pp.: lud, geladen)

English-german dictionary > load
19 Leblanc, Nicolas

SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology

[br]

b. 6 December 1742 Ivey-le-Pré, France

d. 16 January 1806 Paris, France

[br]

French chemist, inventor of the Leblanc process for the manufacture of soda.

[br]

Orphaned at an early age, Leblanc was sent by his guardian, a doctor, to study medicine at the Ecole de Chirurgie in Paris. Around 1780 he entered the service of the Duke of Orléans as Surgeon. There he was able to pursue his interest in chemistry by carrying out research, particularly into crystallization; this bore fruit in a paper to the Royal Academy of Sciences in 1786, published in 1812 as a separate work entitled Crystallotechnie. At that time there was much concern that supplies of natural soda were becoming insufficient to meet the increasing demands of various industries, textile above all. In 1775 the Academy offered a prize of 2,400 livres for a means of manufacturing soda from sea salt. Several chemists studied the problem, but the prize was never awarded. However, in 1789 Leblanc reported in the Journal de physique for 1789 that he had devised a process, and he applied to his patron for support. The Duke had the process subjected to tests, and when these proved favourable he, with Leblanc and the referee, formed a company in February 1790 to exploit it. A patent was granted in 1791 and, with the manufacture of a vital substance at low cost based on a raw material, salt in unlimited supply, a bright prospect seemed to open out for Leblanc. The salt was treated with sulphuric acid to form salt-cake (sodium sulphate), which was then rotated with coal and limestone to form a substance from which the soda was extracted with water followed by evaporation. Hydrochloric acid was a valuable by-product, from which could be made calcium chloride, widely used in the textile and paper industries. The factory worked until 1793, but did not achieve regular production, and then disaster struck: Leblanc's principal patron, the Duke of Orléans, perished under the guillotine in the reign of terror; the factory was sequestered by the Revolutionary government and the agreement was revoked. Leblanc laboured in vain to secure adequate compensation. Eventually a grant was made towards the cost of restoring the factory, but it was quite inadequate, and in despair, Leblanc shot himself. However, his process proved to be one of the greatest inventions in the chemical industry, and was taken up in other countries and remained the leading process for the production of soda for a century. In 1855 his family tried again to vindicate his name and achieve compensation, this time with success.

[br]

Further Reading

A.A.Leblanc, 1884, Nicolas Leblanc, sa vie, ses travaux et l'histoire de la soude artificielle, Paris (the standard biography, by his grandson).

For more critical studies, see: C.C.Gillispie, 1957, "The discovery of the Leblanc process", Isis 48:152–70; J.G.Smith, 1970, "Studies in certain chemical industries in revolutionary and Napoleonic France", unpublished PhD thesis, Leeds University.

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Leblanc, Nicolas
20 gas

[gæs]
n

1) газ

Gas is laid on in all modern houses. — Ко всем современным домам подведен газ.

Gas is obtained from coal. — Газ вырабатывается из угля.

- natural gas
- methane gas
- illuminating gas
- strong smelling gas
- asphyxiating gas
- tear gas
- gas stove
- gas industry
- gas attack
- gas chamber
- gas light
- gas escapes
- gas burner
- gas on the stomach
- smell of the gas
- kind of gas
- mixture of gases
- supply of gas
- amount of moisture in a gas
- turn off out shut off the gas
- take smth off the gas
- put smth on the gas
- leave the gas full on
- turn down the gas quite low
- reduce the gas to half full on
- light the gas in the stove
- smell of gas
- smell gas
- guard against gas
- supply with gas
- exhale a poisonous gas
- do all the cooking on a gas stove
- lay on gas
- give off gas
- give smb gas
- put the kettle on the gas
- use gas on smb
- gas is full on
2) бензин, горючее, топливо

We getting out of gas. — У нас кончается горючее/бензин

- run out of gas
- have enough gas for about twenty miles
- step on the gas
- be driven by gas
- be lighted by gas

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > gas

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